二倍体马铃薯栽培品种遗传多样性的SSR标记分析

二倍体马铃薯基因组相对简单,借助二倍体进行育种可以加速马铃薯的育种进程,因此评价二倍体马铃薯种质的遗传多样性,挖掘和有效利用优良性状显得非常必要。为了筛选多态性的SSR标记,用55对SSR引物扩增39个遗传关系相对较远的二倍体马铃薯材料。选取分布在12条染色体上的12个具有高多态性的SSR标记评价192份二倍体马铃薯栽培品种的遗传多样性,共检测到98个等位位点,其中97个为多态性位点;每对SSR引物扩增出的等位位点为6~18个,平均8.2个。用非加权配对算术平均法(UPGMA)进行聚类,显示出所有供试材料的遗传关系:12对SSR引物可以将192份材料中的186份区分开;这192份材料被划分为11个组群,其中第一个组群包含了83.3%的材料。

SSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity Among 192 Diploid Potato Cultivars

In potato breeding，it is difficult to improve the traits of interest at the tetraploid level due to the tetrasomic inheritance. A promising supplement is diploid breeding due to the simple genome. Thus， it is necessary to assess the genetic diversity of diploid potato germplasm for efficient exploration and deployment of desirable traits. In this study，we used simple sequence repeat（SSR） markers to evaluate the genetic diversity of diploid potato cultivars，which can provide a molecular basis for diploid potato breeding. To screen polymorphic SSR markers，55 pairs of SSR primers were employed to amplify 39 cultivars with relatively distant genetic relationships. Among them，12 SSR markers with high polymorphism located at 12 chromosomes were chosen to evaluate the genetic diversity of 192 diploid potato cultivars. The primers produced 6 to 18 bands with an average of 8.2 bands per primer. In total，98 bands were amplified from 192 cultivars，97 of which were polymorphic. Cluster analysis using UPGMA showed the genetic relationships of all accessions tested：One-hundred and eighty-six of the 192 accessions could be distinguished by only 12 pairs of SSR primers，the 192 diploid cultivars were divided into 11 groups，and 83.3% constituted the first group.