中国樱桃14个自然居群遗传多样性和遗传结构的SSR评价

以中国樱桃14个自然居群280个个体为材料，采用SSR分子标记技术分析其遗传多样性和遗传结构。结果显示：11对SSR引物共检测到80个等位基因，各引物扩增条带在4 ~ 13条之间。基因多样性指数（h）为0.5431 ~ 0.7151，Shannon’s信息指数（I）为0.9057 ~ 1.4684。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，遗传变异主要来自居群内（70.00%），Mantel检验显示总群体的遗传距离和地理距离显著相关（r = 0.472，P = 0.011)。因此，中国樱桃在居群水平（PPL = 100%，h = 0.643，I = 1.207）和物种水平（PPL = 100%，h = 0.743，I = 1.591）上均具有较高的遗传多样性。

Genetic Diversity and Genetic Structure of Prunus pseudocerasus Populations from China as Revealed by SSR Markers

Simple sequence repeat（SSR）markers were employed to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 280 individuals sampled from 14 natural populations of Prunus pseudocerasus. A total of 80 alleles of 11 loci were detected，and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 13. The relatively high levels of gene diversity（h，0.5431–0.7151）and Shannon’s diversity（I，0.9057–1.4684） revealed relatively rich genetic diversity among the 14 Prunus pseudocerasus populations. The hierarchical analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA）revealed the genetic differentiation mainly within populations（70.00%）. Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between geographic and genetic distances（r = 0.472，P = 0.011）. Therefore，the genetic diversity was high both at the population level（PPL = 100%，h = 0.643，I = 1.207）and the species level（PPL = 100%，h = 0.743，I = 1.591）.