猪的染色体研究 Ⅰ.染色体组型及其多态性的分析

作者应用常规的外周血培养法对苏大白、杜洛克、甘肃白猪及甘肃黑猪的染色体组型进行了研究。结果表明:它们的染色体数目均为19对(2n=38)。其中18对常染色体的形态差异在这四个品种间不太明显;X染色体差异较为明显,Y染色体的形态近乎一致。在第10对染色体的短臂近着丝点处均有次缢痕,杜洛克和甘肃白猪的第6对上也可见次缢痕的存在。这些染色体的多态性是否属于品种的特有属性尚有待于进一步探讨。

The study on the chromosomes of the Domestic pigs,Sus Scrofa I·The karyotypes and the chromosome polymorphisms

The karyotypes of the Large White, Duroc, Gansu White pigs and Gansu Black pigs was atudies by means of the method of peripheral blood culture. It was showed that the numbers of their chromosomes were all 19 pairs (2n=38). The differences of 18 pairs autosomes among these four breeds were not significant. The differences of the X chromoiomes were obvious and the patterns of Y chromosomes were almost equal. There wr secondary constrictions on the short arms nearby the centromere of their tenth chromosomes in these four breeds. In Duroc pigs and Gansu White pigs, there were also secondary constrictions on the sixth chromosomes. whether these chromosomal polymorphisms were the natural substances of these breeds needs further study.