平衡施肥对优质大豆产量和品质的影响

在吉林省公主岭市刘房子镇黑土上进行的优质大豆平衡施肥试验结果表明:影响大豆高产的主要养分限制因子是钾,氮对优质大豆的粗脂肪含量影响最大,磷对优质大豆的粗蛋白含量影响最大,大豆平衡施肥不仅可以促进其生长发育,显著提高产量,还可以增加大豆子粒中粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量。不施钾肥产量降低10.6%,不施氮肥粗脂肪含量降低5.9%,不施磷肥粗蛋白含量降低6.28%。因此,优质大豆施肥应重视氮磷钾的配合施用,以达到高产、优质的目的。

Effect of Balanced Fertilization to Yield and Quality of Soybean in Jilin Province

The results of balanced fertilization experiment carried out on the black soil at Liufangzi town of Jilin Province showed that the main limited nutritional factor affecting the high yield of soybean was K,the main limited nutritional factor affecting the fat content of high quality soybean was N and the main limited nutritional factor affecting the protein content of high quality soybean was P.Balanced fertilization not only promoted growth and significantly increased yield of soybean but also increased the content of the fat and protein.The yield of soybean was decreased by 10.6% for no potassium treatment,the fat content of soybean was decreased by 5.9% for no nitrogen treatment and the protein content was decreased by 6.28% for no phosphorus treatment as compared with the treatment of the combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium respectively.So in order to obtain the high yield and good quality of soybean,we should pay more attention to the combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium