引起杨树湿心材的一种病原真菌--Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima) Nirenberg

在我国，杨树湿心材是一种分布广危害严重的病害。１９９５～１９９６年从湖北、山东、河北、辽宁等省及北京地区的２０多种杨树的根、干部取样，分离到一种真菌，此菌在杨树的根、干部都有广泛的分布，依据其形态特征和培养形状，据Ｎｅｌｓｏｎ，Ｔ．Ｍ．（１９８３）《ＦｕｓａｒｉｕｍＳｐｅｃｉｅｓ》，此菌被鉴定为Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｕｍ（Ｍａｔｓｕｓｈｉｍａ）Ｎｉｒｅｎｂｅｒｇ。室内和田间的多次接种结果表明，Ｆ．ｐｒｏｌｉｆｅｒａｔｕｍ致病力强，能产生典型的湿心材症状，是引起我国杨树湿心材的主要病原之一，这在国内外还是首次报道。电镜观察表明，此菌能破坏杨树导管—射线间纹孔膜，与国内外有关纹孔膜的报道一致。本文还讨论了细菌及生理因素在湿心材形成过程中的可能作用。

FUSARIUM PROLIFERATUM (MATSUSHIMA) NIRENBERG--A PATHOGEN CAUSING WETWOOD IN POPLAR TREES

Wetwood of poplars was distributed very widely and caused a serious damage in China.A fungus was frequently isolated from wetwood of stems and roots,which were collected from more than 20 Populus species in Hubei,Shandong,Hebei,Liaoning Provinces and Beijing City in 1995 and 1996.According to its morphological and cultural characteristics,the fungus was identified as Fusarium proliferatum (Matsushima)Nirenberg.The results of the laboratory and the field tests showed that F.proliferatum was a powerful pathogenic fungus,and an important pathogen of poplar wetwood disease.The observation with scanning electron microscopy indicated that membranes of vessel to ray pits were destroyed by F.proliferatum. The functions of bacteria and physiological factors in the course of wetwood development were discussed.