马铃薯及其野生种的分类

马铃薯有着丰富的二级基因库(Secondary gene pool),如何客观地定义马铃薯种,划分它们在分类学上的地位,明确各个种之间的相互关系,对马铃薯种质资源改良和育种工作非常重要。1990年Hawkes把Petota组分成21个系,其中有227个结块茎的种(包括7个栽培种)和9个不结块茎的种。分子数据表明,Hawkes的分类系统过细。2009年Spooner等认为Petota组应重新划分为3个进化枝,其中含有110个结块茎的种,至于栽培种,2007年Spooner等认为可以重新划分成4个种:S.tuberosum(其中含有2个品种类群,Andigenum和Chilotanum),S.ajanhuiri(二倍体),S.juzepczukii(三倍体),S.curtilobum(五倍体)。

Classification of potato and its wild relatives

The potato has rich secondary gene pool,which is a valuable genetic resource for improvement of resistance and quality traits in existing varieties.How to define potato species and classify potatoes in taxonomy objectively,and to understand their relationships are important for germplasm enhancement and breeding.Hawkes,in 1990,recognized 21 series in Petota,in which there were 227 tuber bearing species(seven cultivated species included) and nine non-tuber bearing species.More and more molecular data indicated that Petota seems to be overclassified by Hawkes.In 2009,a three clade classification was suggested by Spooner et al,in which only 110 tube bearing species were recognized.As for cultivated species,Spooner et al,in 2007,reclassified the cultivated potatoes into four species: S.tuberosum,with two Cultivar Groups(Andigenum Group and Chilotanum Group);S.ajanhuiri(diploid);S.juzepczukii(triploid);S.curtilobum(pentaploid).