添加剂及晾晒对多变小冠花青贮影响的研究

为获得品质优良的多变小冠花(Coronilla varia L.)青贮饲料,在鲜贮和晾晒条件下分别设置对照(不使用任何添加剂)、添加甲酸(6 mL·kg^-1)、添加蔗糖(2%)3种处理,袋装青贮发酵360 d,探究含水量及添加剂(甲酸、蔗糖)对多变小冠花青贮饲料品质的影响。结果表明:与鲜贮相比,晾晒处理下多变小冠花青贮饲料pH值极显著增加(P<0.01),乳酸和氨态氮含量极显著下降(P<0.01)。添加甲酸和蔗糖的多变小冠花青贮饲料发酵品质得到改善,pH和氨态氮含量极显著下降(P<0.01),乳酸含量极显著增加(P<0.01)。晾晒或添加剂处理对多变小冠花青贮饲料的粗蛋白(crude protein,CP)、中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber,ADF)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗脂肪(ethanol extract,EE)的含量和干物质保存率无显著影响。通过青贮,硝酸盐和3-硝基丙酸含量降低,亚硝酸盐含量升高,但亚硝酸盐含量较少。

Effects of Additives and Wilt on Crownvetch Silage

Effects of moisture content and additives of formic acid or sucrose on crownvetch silage were studied in order to make acceptable silage.Fresh or wilted crownvetch during early flowering stage were ensilaged for 360 d.Each group was treated with sucrose(2%),or formic acid(6 mL·kg-1) before ensiling,respectively.Results showed that the pH of wilted crownvetch silage were significantly higher than that of fresh one(P<0.01).Both lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen content of wilted crownvetch silage were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The silage fermentation quality was improved with additions of formic acid or sucrose which reduced pH and ammonia contents and increased lactic acid contents of silage significantly(P<0.01).Crude protein(CP) contents,neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),ash,ethanol extracts(EE) and dry matter recovery of crownvetch silage did not have significant difference among different treatments.Nitrate and 3-nitropropionic acid contents were reduced with ensilaging.Although nitrite content was increased by ensilaging,the total nitrite content was a little.