嘉定白蒜脱毒微鳞茎诱导的快繁技术研究

以嘉定白蒜为试材，研究了不同茎尖脱毒方法与不同外植体启动培养基对嘉定白蒜无菌苗建立与脱毒率的影响、不同增殖培养基与切割方式对潜伏芽激活与增殖的影响，以及组培苗分株等级标准与培养基配方对诱导组培微鳞茎形成的影响。结果显示：带1 个叶原基的茎尖，在MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1 的培养基上成苗率高，达76%；采用单株假茎去顶后，取其基部1.0 cm 假茎茎段，再沿中轴线对半纵切的方式，在MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1+NAA 0.10 mg·L^-1 的培养基上能较好地激活叶腋潜伏芽，增殖倍数达3.22；1 个叶原基包裹的芽原基茎尖脱毒成效最好，达100%；假茎茎粗3 mm 的组培苗单株，在MS+NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1+ 糖90 g·L^-1、pH 为7.0 的培养基中微鳞茎诱导率最高，达94.8%。茎尖脱毒方式、叶腋潜伏芽激活切割方式和组培微鳞茎诱导的培养基配方，是嘉定白蒜脱毒与快繁的技术关键。

Studies onVirus-free Microbulb Rapid Propagation Technology of Garlic Variety#br#‘Jiadingbaisuan’

Taking‘ Jiadingbaisuan’ as experiment material，this paper studied the influence of differentdetoxication methods of stem tips and different explant initiation medium on the establishment of aseptic seedlingsand virus-free seedling rate. The paper also studied the effects of different propagation medium and cuttingpattern on the initiation and propagation of the potential bud. The paper also studied the grade standard of tissueculture seedlings and medium component on the formation of tissue culture microbulb. The results showed thatstem tips with a single phyllopodium had the maximal survival rate at 76% in MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.1mg·L-1 medium. The single head bud cutting pattern - cutting its stem base at 1 cm by half through axis had themaximal potential bud propagation coefficient at 3.22 in MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.10 mg·L-1 medium.Bud primordium wrapped by one phyllopodium had the best detoxification effect reaching 100%. One single tissueculture bud with cauloid’s diameter 3 mm had the highest tissue culture microbulb induction rate at 94.8%，inMS+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1+ Sugar 90 g·L-1 medium with 7.0 pH value. The stem tip detoxification pattern，cuttingpattern of the potential bud，and medium component of tissue culture microbulb were the key technology fordetoxification and rapid propagation of‘ Jiadingbaisuan’.