湖北省蔬菜废弃物资源量估算与分布特征

通过文献整理和数据分析，对湖北省蔬菜废弃物资源量进行评估，并研究其分布特征。结果表明：2017 年湖北 省蔬菜废弃物资源量为206 万t，其中有机质164 万t，氮、磷、钾养分量分别为5.12 万、2.79 万、5.74 万t，占全省化肥 用量的4.08%。武汉市蔬菜废弃物资源量最高，占全省的19.36%。湖北省各地市单位面积蔬菜废弃物资源量平均为1 666 kg·hm-2，其中有机质和氮、磷、钾总养分平均量分别为1 334 kg·hm^-2 和126 kg·hm^-2。全省地市单位面积蔬菜废弃物资源量 以仙桃市和鄂西南较低，其次是鄂东南和鄂西北，湖北中部包括江汉平原分布最高。湖北省24 个蔬菜监测县市蔬菜废弃物 资源量平均为4.22 万t，其中江夏区、黄陂区、新洲区和嘉鱼县较高，有机质和氮、磷、钾总养分平均量分别达到了3.38 万 t 和3 180 t。全省各县市单位面积蔬菜废弃物资源量以枣阳市最高，宣恩县和咸丰县较低。不同种类蔬菜废弃物资源量差异 较大，为2.71 万～47.32 万t，其中根茎类蔬菜最高，其次是甘蓝类和豆类。

Estimation and Distribution Characteristics of Vegetable Waste Resources in#br# Hubei Province

This paper evaluated the vegetable waste resources of Hubei Province through literature arrangement and data analysis；and studied the distribution characteristics．The results showed that the total quantity of vegetable waste resources in 2017 was 2 060 000 t，including 1 640 000 t organic matter，51 200 t N， 27 900 t P，and 57 400 t K，accounting for 4.08% of the total quantity of chemical fertilizer in the province． The vegetable waste resources quantity from Wuhan was the highest，accounting for 19.36% of the province． The average quantity of vegetable waste resources from 17 cities of the province reached 1 666 kg·hm^-2，among them the average organic matter and total N，P，K nutrients quantities were 1 334 kg·hm^-2 and 126 kg·hm^-2， respectively．Xiantao City and Southwestern Hubei had the lowest quantity of vegetable waste resources per unit area，followed by the Southeastern and Northwestern Hubei．Vegetable waste distribution in central part of Hubei，including the Jianghan Plain was the highest．There were 24 vegetable monitoring points and averagely 42 200 t vegetable waste in Hubei Province．The vegetable waste quantities in Jiangxia，Huangpi， Xinzhou Districts and Jiayu County were bigger．The average quantities of organic matter and N，P，K nutrients reached 33 800 t and 3 180 t，respectively．The vegetable waste quantities per unit area in Zaoyang City was the highest，and that in Xuan’en and Xianfeng Counties were lower among all cities and counties of the province．There were big differences in vegetable waste quantity of different vegetable types-about 27 100- 473 200 t．Among them，quantity of root vegetables was the highest，followed by cabbage vegetables and legumes.