2000-2010年锡林郭勒草原NPP时空变化及其气候响应

利用MODIS MOD17A3植被初级生产力数据产品及地面气象观测数据,研究分析了2000-2010年锡林郭勒盟草原NPP的时空变化特征、各气候因子的年际变化特征及NPP与气候因子的相关关系。结果表明,锡林郭勒盟草原NPP的分布由东向西逐渐减小,值大多分布在0~0.5 kg C·m-2;2001-2010年NPP呈现波动变化,整体呈增加趋势,空间分布上更加趋于均匀分布;2000-2010年,研究区内典型草原和荒漠草原各气候因子的变化趋势大致相同,4-9月累计平均气温、平均相对湿度和累计日照时数呈减小趋势,平均风速呈增加趋势,累计降水量典型草原呈轻微减少趋势,荒漠草原呈增加趋势,趋势斜率分别为-0.026和1.044 5,典型草原大部分气候因子的波动程度大于荒漠草原;研究区内两种类型的草原的NPP均与4-9月累计平均气温、平均日最低气温有较强的负相关关系(显著水平分别为P<0.001和P<0.01),与累计降水量、平均相对湿度有较强的正相关关系(显著水平为P<0.01),与4-9月累计日照时数、平均风速呈负相关关系但相关关系较弱,荒漠草原对气候因子变化的响应总体不如典型草原敏感。

Temporal and spatial variation of net primary productivity (NPP) and its responses with climatic changes in the Xilingol grassland from 2000 to 2010

Using MODIS MOD17A3 Net Primary Productivity (NPP) data and meteorological data, we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of NPP, inter-annual changes of climatic factors and the correlative relationship between NPP and climatic factors in Xilingol grassland from 2000 to 2010. The NPP of the Xilingol grassland varied from 0 to 0.5 kg C·m-2 which decreased from east to west. From 2000 to 2010, the NPP fluctuated annual that increased in generaland evenly distributed. The variations of climatic factors in typical and desert grassland were similar. The cumulative average temperature, average relative humility and cumulative sunshine duration in April to August had a downward trend, while the average wind speed had an increasing trend. The cumulative precipitation hadan increasing trend in desert grassland, but had a slight decreasing trend in typical grassland. For most climatic factors, they had more dramatic fluctuations in typical grassland than in desert grassland. For the two types of grassland in the study area, the grassland NPP has very significantly negative correlation (P<0.001) with cumulative average temperature and average daily minimum temperature in April to August, and had slight negative correlation with cumulative sunshine duration and average wind speed, while had strong positive correlation (P<0.001) with cumulative precipitation and average relative humility. In conclusion, the typical grassland had stronger response ability to the changes of climatic factors than the desert grassland.