辽河河口湿地生态环境需水量研究

科学合理地确定辽河河口湿地的适宜与最小生态环境需水量是维持其生态系统健康的重要保障。利用3S技术提取辽河河口湿地覆被信息,将生态环境需水量的计算类型划分为消耗型和非消耗型,建立了适合辽河河口湿地的计算模型,并利用该模型计算了研究区2000、2005和2014年的生态环境需水量以及适宜生态环境需水量与不同降水频率条件下的最小生态环境需水量。结果表明,研究区适宜生态环境需水量为99 554.92×10~4m~3;多年平均降水条件下、75%降水频率下和95%降水频率下对应的最小生态环境需水量分别为20 220.13×10~4m~3、22 362.31×10~4m~3和24 314.98×10~4m~3。

Eco-environmental Demand for Water in Wetlands at Liaohe Estuary

Determining the optimum and minimum eco-environmental demands for water in the wetland at Liao-he estuary is important to sustain ecosystem health and productivity. This paper established a wetland model by dividing eco-environmental demand for water into consumable and non-consumable water. The data needed in the model was obtained from satellite imagery using the 3S technology. We then applied the model to calculate the eco-environmental water requirement, sustainable eco-environmental water requirement, as well as mini-mum eco-environmental water requirement under different precipitations in 2000, 2005 and 2014 respectively. The results showed that the optimal eco-environment requirement was 99554.92 × 104 m3. For 100%, 75% and 95%of the average annual rainfall, the minimum eco-environmental water requirements were 20220.13×104 m3, 22362.31×104 m3 and 24314.98×104 m3 respectively.