宁夏中部干旱区滴灌条件下枸杞耗水规律研究

通过开展枸杞覆膜与不覆膜滴灌田间试验,研究了覆膜和灌溉定额对枸杞产量的影响以及枸杞耗水规律。结果表明,(1)除F6(灌溉定额2 160 m3/hm2)、F7(灌溉定额2 430 m3/hm2)处理外,覆膜处理产量均高于不覆膜处理。随灌溉定额增大,覆膜和不覆膜枸杞产量均先增大后减小。当灌溉定额为1 620 m3/hm2时,覆膜和不覆膜枸杞产量均最高,覆膜枸杞产量最高为10 400.7 kg/hm2,不覆膜枸杞产量最高为9 923.40 kg/hm2。(2)不覆膜比覆膜处理全生育期耗水量平均值高19.02 mm。覆膜与不覆膜枸杞各生育期耗水量及耗水模系数随生育期延长均先增大后减小,均呈"果熟期落叶期开花初期春梢生长期"的变化趋势。(3)覆膜枸杞各处理水分利用效率平均为2.99 kg/m3,不覆膜枸杞各处理水分利用效率平均为2.76 kg/m3,覆膜高于不覆膜。除F6(灌溉定额2 160 m3/hm2)、F7(灌溉定额2 430 m3/hm2)处理外,膜下滴灌枸杞各处理的水分利用效率(WUE)均高于不覆膜。枸杞膜下滴灌技术有利于保持土壤水分,减少棵间蒸发,有效节约水资源,适宜在宁夏中部干旱区广泛推广。

Water Consumption of Wolfberry under Drip Irrigationin Central Arid Region of Ningxia Province

This paper investigated the water consumption of wolfberry in a field mulched by plastic film in com-parison with that without mulching under drip irrigation. Different amounts of irrigation were examined, and the re-sults showed that expect under irrigation of 2160 m3/hm2 (F6) and 2430 m3/hm2 (F7), mulching in other treatments increased the yield compared with non-mulching. With the amount of irrigation increasing, the yield under both mulching and non-mulching increased first and then declined. When the amount of irrigation was 1620 m3/hm2, the yield under both mulching and non-mulch peaked, reaching 10400.7 kg/hm2 and 9923.40 kg/hm2 respectively.During the whole growth period, the average water consumption of wolfberry under non-mulching was 19.02 mm higher than that under mulching. The difference between water consumption under non-mulching and mulching in-creased first and then decreased as the plant grows, in an order of fruit ripe stage>deciduous stage>flowering stage>early spring growth stage. The average water use efficiency under mulching and non-mulch was 2.99 kg/m3 and 2.76 kg/m3 respectively. Expect under F6 and F7, the water use efficiency with mulching under other treat-ments was higher than that without mulching. Drip irrigation with mulching can help maintain soil moisture and reduce evaporation, thereby improving water use efficiency and serving as an effective irrigation technique for the arid region in central Ningxia Province.