土壤耕作方式及秸秆还田对土壤性质和烤烟性状的影响

为研究土壤耕作方式及秸秆还田对土壤性质和烤烟性状的影响，设置2种耕作深度（常规旋耕15 cm、机械深耕30 cm）与添加秸秆的交互试验。结果表明：深耕能提高土壤容重和孔隙度，降低0～20 cm土层全氮、有效磷、速效钾和碱解氮含量，提高20～40 cm土层养分的含量；秸秆还田可以显著降低土壤容重，提高土壤孔隙度，显著提高0～20 cm土层的全氮、速效钾和碱解氮含量；土壤微生物变化不明显，可能与耕作年限较短有关。

Effects of soil tillage and straw returning on soil properties and flue-cured tobacco properties

In order to study the effects of soil tillage methods and straw returning on soil quality and flue-cured tobacco properties, two tillage depths (conventional rotary tillage of 15 cm and mechanical deep tillage of 30 cm) and interaction experiments with straw (local organic fertilizer, straw returning with local organic fertilizer, straw returning with root promoting agent, corrosion promoting agent and local organic fertilizer) were set up to study the effects of tobacco growing period on soil quality, soil microorganism and flue-cured tobacco properties. The results showed that: (1) deep tillage could increase soil bulk density and porosity, reduce the contents of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in 0-20 cm soil layer, and increase the content of nutrients in 20-40 cm soil layer. However, straw returning significantly reduced soil bulk density, increased soil porosity, and significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen, available potassium and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen in 0-20 cm soil layer (P < 0.05). (2) The comprehensive evaluation of soil quality showed that T2 and T3 treatments could improve soil quality most, mainly including available potassium, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, aeration pore, capillary pore and total porosity. (3) The change of soil microorganism is not obvious, which may be the reason for the short cultivation years. Therefore, rotary tillage combined with straw can improve soil quality and promote the growth of flue-cured tobacco in practice.