苦荞主要农艺性状与单株籽粒产量的相关和通径分析

目的]为苦荞新品种的选育提供理论依据。方法]将来自5个国家的55份苦荞品种(系)资源引种至四川栽培,经比较鉴定后对苦荞的单株籽粒产量与主要农艺性状进行相关和通径分析。结果]9个相关性状对单株籽粒产量影响的顺序:有效花序数>千粒重>生育期>总分枝数>主茎节数>一级分枝数>茎粗>株高。多元回归分析表明,主茎节数、一级分枝数、总分枝数、有效花序数、千粒重是影响单株粒重的主要因素。通径分析表明,有效花序数、千粒重对单株籽粒产量的直接效应较大,二者是荞麦品种选育的主要目标性状和高产栽培的主攻方向。结论]综合考虑,苦荞高产株型应是:株高、主茎节数、一级分枝数、总分枝数适中,有效花序数多,千粒重较高,开花期短者。

The Correlation and Path Analysis on the Seed Yield per Plant and Main Agronomic Traits in Tartary Buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum)

Objective] The aim of study was to offer the theoretical gist for the new variety breeding of Tartary buckwheat.Method] 55 varieties(lines)of tartary buckwheat came from 5 countries were introduced and planted in Sichaun province,and after comparison and identification,the relationships between the seed yield per plant and main agronomic traits in Tartary buckwheat were studied by using correlation and path analysis.Result] The affection of 9 relative factors on seed yield per plant was in order as follows: effective inflorescences>1 000-seed weight>growing days>total branches>nodes of main stem>primary branches>stem diameter>plant height.Multiple regression analysis showed that nodes of main stem,primary branches,total branches,effective inflorescences and 1 000-seed weight were the main traits affecting seed weight per plant.The path analysis indicated that the direct effect of effective inflorescences and 1 000-seed weight on seed yield per plant were stronger.Both of them were the focus on the high yielding breeding and cultivation of tartary buckwheat varieties.Conclusion] Considered comprehensively, the high yield plant type of tartary buckwheat variety should have moderate plant height,nodes of main stem,primary branches,total branches,more effective inflorescences,higher 1000-seed weight and shorter flowering period.