棉属植物种子中棉酚及其旋光体的研究

以高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分析了21个野生棉种和4个栽培棉种有代表性的品种种仁中的棉酚及其光学异构体的含量。各个棉种的棉酚含量从0到4.06%，差异很大；各个棉种种仁中的左旋（－）和右旋（＋）两种棉酚旋光体的含量均不相等，只有海岛棉以（－）棉酚居多；4个栽培棉种内各品种间（－）棉酚的量与两种旋光体之和的比值高度一致。除比克氏棉（G. bickii）外，澳洲棉（G.anstrale）、南岱华棉（G.nandewarense）和斯特提棉（G.sturtianum）均是种子无腺体且无棉酚的种质。阿拉伯棉（G.stocksii）和索马里棉（G.sonalense）种仁内虽有腺体，却难以测到棉酚。与经典法相比，HPLC法所测棉酚的量较低，原因在于前者所测常包括棉酚衍生物，而后者只测棉酚本身。

STUDIES ON GOSSYPOL AND ITS ENANTIOMERS IN THE SEEDS OF COTTON GOSSYPIUM

Gossypul and its enantiomers in seed kernels from 21wild cotton species and some cultivars of the four cultivated cotton species were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC).The contents of gossypol vary from 0 to 4.06% among species.The 2 enantiomers are unequal in seed kernels from any species or cultivars. Gossypium barbadence L. is the only species which contains more levo(-) gossypol than dextro ( ) gossypul . The ratio of (-) gossypol to the total content of two enantiomers are highly unanimous. G. australe, G. sturtianum and G. nandewarense are also the species which are glandless and non gossypol in their seeds besides G. bickii. Though G. stockii and G.somalense have pigment glands in their seeds, which may be non-gossypol or low gossypul species .The content of gossypol detected by HPLC is lower than that of the spectrncolormetry, because H PLC determines only gossypul while spectrocolormetry usually includes some gossypol derivatives.