基于单片机的吊秤式盆栽作物蒸渗仪设计

为实时、方便、准确地测定盆栽作物的蒸腾蒸发量，采用上位机和下位机集成、优化的方法，设计了一种0~100kg 适用于盆栽作物的吊秤式蒸渗仪。蒸渗仪主要包括称量传感器、下位机、上位机、连接件、支架和盆栽容器6部分。对蒸渗仪下位机的主控制器、数据采集模块、显示模块、通信模块、实时时钟和数据存储模块以及电源模块进行了硬件选型和电路设计。试验结果表明，在无人监管的工作环境下，蒸渗仪下位机能够自动采集、显示和存储数据，并通过串口将数据上传至上位机，上位机完成数据的显示、存储和分析。蒸渗仪最大绝对误差为100g，最大相对误差为0.50%，测量结果较好地反映了盆栽作物蒸腾蒸发的实际变化趋势，能够满足盆栽作物蒸腾蒸发量方便、准确和实时测量的需要。

Microcontroller-based Suspension-weighing Lysimeter for Evapotranspiration Measurement of Potted Plants

A suspension-weighing lysimeter was developed with weighing capacity of 100kg in order to study the evapotranspiration of the potted plants conveniently and effectively. The method of integration and optimization between slave microcontroller and host computer were used. The lysimeter was mainly composed of six parts, weighing sensor, slave microcontroller, host computer, adapting pieces, stand and plant pot. Slave microcontroller of lysimeter includes a microcontroller, data collection and display modules, real time clock, storage module, communication and power modules. The circuits for these parts were designed. Performance tests showed that without human supervision, the slave microcontroller was able to automatically collect, display, store and communicate data through serial interface to the host computer and then the host computer displayed, stored and analyzed the transmitted data. The results showed that the absolute and maximum relative error of lysimeter were 100g and 0.50%, respectively. The ET results of potted plant obtained with the instrument were proved well matched with their actual ET of potted plants with time. It could meet with the requirements of convenience, high accuracy and real time in ET measurement.