千岛湖水源涵养林优势树种生态位研究

以群落样地作为资源状态 ,以树种的重要值作为树种对资源位计测依据 ,用Shannon Wienner、Levins和Schoener的生态位计测公式 ,分析了千岛湖水源涵养林 2 6个主要树种的生态位宽度、生态位相似性比例和生态重叠指数 .结果表明①该地区主要乔木树种以马尾松、苦槠、青冈的生态位宽度值较大 ,其Bsw 值依次为 0 6 3、0 5 7、0 5 6 ,BL 值为0 6 4、0 5 0、0 32 ;灌木树种以木、格药柃的生态位宽度值较大 ,其Bsw值为 0 6 0、0 6 1,BL 值为 0 5 7,0 76 .②生态位相似性比例和生态位重叠指数较高 ,生态位重叠与资源竞争有一定的关系 ,但不能等同起来 ,水平空间上的重叠而垂直空间上的分化并不够成竞争 ,反而是一种互惠关系 .该文的研究结果可望为千岛湖水源涵养林的种质资源和景观资源的合理规划和目标管理以及森林资源的可持续利用提供基础资料 .

Study on niche of dominant trees of water conservation forests in Qiandaohu Lake

Based on the importance value, the Shannon-Wienner and Simpson index of niche breadth, the Schoener's niche proportional simulation and the Levins' niche overlap of the main trees in Qiandaohu water conservation forests were calculated in the paper. The results showed that: ①The majority species such as Pinus massoniana, Castanopsis sclerophylla, Cyclobalanopsis glauca in the tree layer and Loropetalum Chinense and Eurya muricata in the shrub layer were wide niche,the B sw order of these species was 0.63,0.57,0.56,0.60,0.61,and the order of the B L was 0.64,0.50,0.32,0.57,0.76.② The niche proportional simulation and coefficient of niche overlap of the majority species were high. In addition, the niche overlap and exploitation competition had some correlativity, but they were not equivalent. It was mutualistic symbiosis not competition when overlapped only on one dimension.The aim of the paper is to provide the base material for landscape and idioplasmic resource plan, forest management and sustainable exploitation.