水氮互作对夏玉米氮素积累运转及利用的影响

目的]为探索水氮高效利用、减少农田氮肥污染途径,方法]设置了不同水分和不同施氮水平的互作试验,研究其对夏玉米植株氮素积累运转及氮肥利用的影响。结果]结果表明,与不施氮相比,施氮处理显著提高了植株氮素积累量,最终氮素积累量增加了24%～35%；施氮增加了茎叶及整株等营养器官花前贮藏氮素运转量,灌水增加了茎、叶、穗及全株花前贮藏氮素运转量,同时施氮和灌水均明显增加籽粒氮素积累总量,且处理间均表现为处理2＞处理1＞处理0。与处理0比,施氮处理籽粒氮素总量增加26.31%,灌水处理增加24.89%；施氮和灌水明显提高了氮素吸收效率和氮肥农学效率,对氮素利用效率影响结果不一。结论]综合本试验研究结果,以N1W2处理综合表现最优,可以考虑生产中推广应用。

Effects of Water-nitrogen Interaction on Nitrogen Accumulation, Translocation and Use Efficiency of Summer Maize

To explore the way of high water nitrogen use efficiency and reduce nitrogen fertilizer pollution, we studied the effect of water nitrogen interaction on summer maize by setting different tests. The results showed that compared with no nitrogen treatment, nitrogen treatment significantly increased the amounts of nitrogen accumulation of plant, and the amounts of nitrogen accumulation eventually increased by 24%-35%; nitrogen treatment increased the amounts of nitrogen translocation before flowering in the stem, leaf and whole plant, irrigation increased the amounts of nitrogen translocation before flowering in stem, leaf, spike and whole plant, simultaneously the nitrogen and water treatment significantly increased the amount of nitrogen accumulation in grain, and all showed a trend of treatment 2＞1＞0. Compared with treatment 0, the total nitrogen amount in grain increased by 26.31% under nitrogen treatment, and increased by 24.89% under irrigation; N application and irrigation significantly increased nitrogen uptake efficiency and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency, the effect on nitrogen use efficiency was different. The experiment results showed that the comprehensive effect of N1W2 was the best, and it could be popularized and applied in production.