有机作物生产中对种子的认证要求、发展现状及风险分析

种子是重要的农业生产资料，有机农业生产中对种子来源、转基因状况以及在种子处理方面都有明确要求。为了确定种子在有机生产认证中的要求、发展现状以及评价种子是否满足有机产品认证标准要求时所存在的风险，本研究通过资料收集及整理的方法确定了有机作物生产中对种子的认证要求、发展现状及风险分析，分析得出目前种子来源不是引起有机作物认证风险的主要因素，引入转基因种子和种子处理是该环节的主要认证风险来源。评价转基因风险的主要依据是其商业化种植的程度及其研究状况，这一标准决定在有机生产过程中使用转基因种子的风险高低；在使用常规种子过程中，种子是否受到化学药剂的处理也是在该环节中的一个重要风险。通过对有机种子风险进行分析可以为生产者及检查认证人员提供在种子环节应该注意的问题，以提高有机生产的符合性。

Certification Requirements, Development Status and Risk Analysis of Seed in Organic Crop Production

Seeds are important production goods in agriculture. There are clear requirements of the seed source, GMO status and seed treatment in organic agriculture. One of the purposes of this paper is to identify the requirements, development status quo of organic seeds and the risk assessment of whether the seeds could meet the organic standards. Through the data collection, the requirements, status quo and risk of seeds in organic crop production were analyzed. It is concluded that the seeds source is not the main risk factor of organic crop certification. The introduction of genetically modified seeds and seeds treatment are the main source of certification risk. The risk assessment of GMO is mainly based on its commercial cultivation and research status which determines the risk of GMO seeds. Whether seeds are treated with chemicals is also a significant risk in the use of conventional seeds. By analyzing the risks of organic seeds, this paper could provide the producers and inspectors with the precautions that should be paid attention to in the seed section to improve the compliance of organic production.