葫芦巴(Trigonella foenum-graecum)染色体核型分析

葫芦巴是现在较为常用的中药材之一,但对其染色体的核型分析研究较少。为了研究葫芦巴染色体形态结构特征以及探索遗传机制,本试验以采自河北的葫芦巴种子为研究对象,采用根尖染色体制片与显微摄影技术相结合的方法,以确定染色体数目和进行核型分析。结果显示:河北葫芦巴有16条染色体,核型公式为2n=16=4m+2m (SAT)+10sm,染色体相对长度在4.63%~8.17%范围内,臂比在1.17~2.43范围内,核型不对称系数为64.03%,随体在第8对染色体的短臂上,核型类别为2A型。本研究结果既可为今后选择种内杂交和种间杂交育种种类提供科学依据,又可为探索其物种遗传机制、亲缘关系与进化、远缘杂种的鉴定等提供重要依据。

Karyotype Analysis of Trigonella foenum-graecum Chromosomes

Trigonella foenum-graecum is one of the most commonly used Chinese medicinal materials,but there are few studies on karyotype analysis of its chromosomes.In order to study the morphological and structural characteristics and genetic mechanism of Trigonella foenum-graecum chromosomes,this experiment took Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds collected from Hebei province as the research object,adopted the method of root tip chromosome section combined with microphotography technology to determine the number of chromosomes and karyotype analysis.The results showed that fenugreek Hebei had 16 chromosomes,the karyotype formula was 2 n=16=4 m+2 m(SAT)+10 sm,the relative length of chromosomes was within the range of 4.63%~8.17%,the arm ratio was within the range of 1.17~2.43,the karyotype asymmetry coefficient was 64.03%,and the karyotype category was 2 A on the short arm of the 8 th pair of chromosomes.The results of this study can not only provide scientific data for selecting species of intraspecific hybridization and interspecific hybridization breeding in the future,but also provide an important basis for the exploration of the genetic mechanism of species,the relationship and evolution of relatives,the identification of distant hybrids and so on.