尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophylla)杂种家系遗传测定及抗风选择

中国华南沿海地区台风影响频发,为选育桉树抗风和速生品种,本研究估算广东鹤山9年和11.5年生56个尾叶桉家系(含母本和对照)生长、抗风等性状的杂种优势、育种值及配合力。结果表明:两个不同年度各性状在杂种家系间存在极显著差异。以单株蓄积为指标筛选优良杂交组合,两个年度均排名前3的是37号和40号,分别是家系128号9年生平均0.207 9 m^3和11.5年生0.336 9 m^3的1.33和1.79倍以及1.28和1.52倍,11.5年生超过128号的家系共6个,6个家系平均超亲优势达到15.99%;两个年度单株蓄积育种值均超过0.05且抗风性育种值为正的仅4个家系;以11.5年生调查数据和最优56号家系为选择标准,超过其平均单株蓄积0.345 7 m^3和抗风等级值4.33的杂种单株有173株。本研究发现,2号、15号、21号、22号、和64号是具有较高母本一般配合力的亲本,而2号、21号、22号、29号和56号这5个父本的一般配合力较高,通过优化组合可获得具有优良性状的子代;生长结合抗风指标选择到的3个特殊配合力高的杂交家系和173株优株,是今后高世代育种重点利用对象,也可为台风区人工林建设提供更多资源产品。

Wind-Resistance Level Selection and Genetic Testing of Eucalyptus urophylla Hybrids Family

Typhoon can affect the coast area many times in Southern China every year,so the wind-resistance and fast-growing Eucalytpus hybrids must be selected to adapt the environment.In this paper the method of variance analysis has been used to estimate the Genetic parameters of the traits including of heterosis,breeding value and combining ability which is from the 56 E.Urophylla families(including of parents and control family)data had been investigated and analyzed at 9 and 11.5 years old in Gonghe town,Jianmen City of Guangdong,China.The effect indicated that there were significant differences among growth traits in 56 families at 2 different ages.The SV of No.37 or 40 families is the excellent 3 families is 1.33 or 1.79 time of 0.2079 m^3 at 9 years old,1.28 or 1.52 time of 0.3369 m^3 at 11.5 years old to compare with the average SV values of No.128.15.99%heterosis of the elite 6 families can be reached to compare with No.128;There are only 4 families to exceed 0.05 SV with plus wind-resistance breeding values at 2 different ages.If the higher standard of 0.3457 m^3 SV and 4.33 wind-resistance value of the excellent No.56 can be adopted,there are 173 plus trees to be select in the trial.We can find other effects that No.21,64,22,2 and 15 have the higher GCA(general combining ability)value for their females.No.21,2,29,56 and 22 have the higher GCA(general combining ability)value for their males.These 5 females and 5 males could be the elite parents for the next step breeding,and the highest 3 Specific Combining Ability(SCA)families and 173 plus trees can be used for more advanced generations breeding program and supply more varieties for the afforestation of the coast area.