不同垫料发酵床养猪效果研究

旨在探明不同垫料发酵床对猪的免疫功能及生长性能的影响.将40头猪随机分为4组,每组10头,第1组是以粉碎玉米秸秆为主的发酵床饲喂组(玉米秸组)；第2组是以花生壳为主的发酵床饲喂组(花生壳组)；第3组是以锯末为主的发酵床饲喂组(锯末组)；第4组为常规水泥地面饲喂组(对照组).各组均注射猪瘟、猪蓝耳、猪伪狂犬疫苗防疫,并按常规方法饲养,试验期为60d.实验期末测定每头猪增重率、血清抗体阳性率、血液中血红蛋白、淋巴细胞数量和红细胞总数、γ-IFN和IL-4含量.结果表明,饲喂至60d时,第1、2、3组猪的增重率分别比对照组高4.66％、7.16％、3.56％,均差异显著(P＜0.05)；第1、2、3组猪的抗体阳性率均高于对照组,且第2和3组阳性率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)；血液中血红蛋白含量、淋巴细胞数量和红细胞总数第1组均低于对照组,第2、3组均高于对照组,均无显著差异(P＞0.05)；第1、2、3组猪血清中γ-IFN和IL-4含量均高于对照组,但均无显著差异(P＞0.05).不同垫料的发酵床饲养组较常规水泥地面饲养组均能够提高猪的生长性能及免疫效果,且利用玉米秸秆和花生壳作为发酵床垫料能够明显提高猪的增重率和饲料利用率,该研究结果为发酵床养猪技术的推广及应用提供了理论依据和技术支持.

STUDY ON THE EFFECT ON PIG-REARING WITH FERMENTATION BEDS OF DIFFERENT PADDING

(Purpose) In order to that ascertain the effect on immune function and growth performance of pigs was studied fermentation beds of different padding.(Methods) 40 pigs were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group included 10 pigs.The first group is the feeding group with the fermentation beds of using crushed corn stalks mainly(corn stalks group);Group 2 is the feeding group with fermentation beds of using peanut-shell mainly(peanut-shell group);Group 3 is the feeding group with fermentation beds of using sawdust mainly(sawdust group);The forth group is the feeding group with conventional concrete floor(control group).Each group was injected with swine fever vaccine,PRRSV vaccine and swine pseudo-rabies vaccine,and was fed with according to conventional breeding methods.The experiment lasted 60 days.Rate of weight gain of each pig,serum antibody positive rate,γ-IFN and IL-4 levels,hemoglobin in the blood and the total number of lymphocytes and erythrocytes were determined at the end of experiment.(Results) The results indicate that when fed to the 60 days,the rate of weight gain of pigs in the group 1,group2 and group 3 were higher than the control group.The higher rates were separately 4.66%,7.16% and 3.56%.And the difference was significant(P <0.05).The antibody positive rate of pigs in group 1,group 2 and group 3 were higher than control group.The difference of group 1 was not significant,and the difference of group 2 and group 3 was significantly different(P <0.0001).The blood hemoglobin content,red blood cell volume and the total number of lymphocytes in group 1 were lower than the control group,and these of group 2 and 3 were both higher than the control group.And there was no significant difference.The levels of γ-IFN and IL-4 in pig serum of group 1,group 2 and group 3 were higher than the control group.But there was no significant difference.(Conclusion) Compared with the feeding group with the conventional concrete floor,the feeding groups with fermentation beds of using different padding all can improve pig growth performance and immune effects.And the fermentation beds of using corn stalks and peanut shells can significantly improve pigs’ rate of weight gain growth and feed utilization.A theoretical basis and technical support of extension and application with the technology of rearing pigs with fermentation beds was provided by the results of the study.