鲜食玉米灌浆过程中籽粒玉米黄质含量的累积动态变化

选用6个鲜食玉米品种为材料，分析授粉后15，18，21，24，27和40 d时籽粒玉米黄质含量，研究灌浆过程中玉米黄质的动态变化情况。结果表明：籽粒玉米黄质含量的累积动态呈单峰分布，除浙凤甜2号在授粉后21 d达到最高值，其余品种均在授粉后24 d达到最高值，之后下降并逐渐趋于稳定。不同品种间籽粒玉米黄质含量存在着极显著差异，其中粤甜3号最高，为14809 mg·kg-1；金银糯最低，为5241 mg·kg-1；从大到小依次为粤甜3号＞超甜4号＞浙甜6号＞华珍＞浙凤甜2号＞金银糯，与籽粒颜色没有绝对的对应关系。玉米黄质累积速率分别是浙凤甜2号授粉后18 d最快，粤甜3号是授粉后21 d最快，其他4个品种则在授粉后24 d最快。另外，结合试验结果，提出授粉后24 d左右是鲜食玉米的最佳采收期，此时获得玉米黄质含量最高又兼顾产量、商品性、口感，食用价值最高。

Accumulated dynamic change of zeaxanthin content in fresh corn grains during its filling stage

In this experiment， six fresh corn varieties were used as the materials， and accumulated dynamic change of zeaxanthin content in grains was analyzed on 15， 18， 21， 24， 27 and 40 d after pollination. The results showed that the accumulated dynamic change of zeaxanthin content in grains showed a single peak distribution. The zeaxanthin content of all varieties reached the highest value on 24 d after pollination， and then began to decrease and stabilize， except Zhefengtian No. 2， whose zeaxanthin content was highest on 21 d after pollination. Difference of zeaxanthin content in different varieties grains was significant. The highest was Yuetian No. 3 with 14.809 mg·kg-1. The lowest was Jinyinnuo， only up to 5.241 mg·kg-1. The rank of zeaxanthin content in grains was Yuetian No. 3>Supersweet No. 4>Zhetian No. 6>Huazhen>Zhefengtian No. 2>Jinyinnuo， which showed no absolute relationship with grain color. Accumulated rate of zeaxanthin content was different in these varieties. The accumulated rate of Zhefengtian No. 2 was fastest on 18 d after pollination， and Yuetian No. 3 was on 21 d after pollination， while the other four varieties were on 24 d after pollination. In addition， in this study， 24 days after pollination was regarded as optimal harvest period， which was with higher yield， best marketability， good taste， highest zeaxanthin content and highest food value.