葫芦岛地区寒潮发生特征及成因分析

基于1960~2009年葫芦岛地区4个气象观测站的逐日气象观测资料,利用寒潮蓝色和黄色预警信号的发布标准将其分类,分别统计分析了其时间和空间的分布特征。结果表明,葫芦岛地区寒潮发生的月份从当年的9月一直到次年5月均有可能发生,出现寒潮最多的月份是10和11月,最少的月份是5月,这主要与气候的季节性转换有关;寒潮发生次数最多时段是20世纪60年代,随着平均（最低）气温的升高,达到寒潮蓝色预警标准的次数呈减少趋势,达到寒潮黄色预警标准的寒潮发生次数与气温的变化不具有明显的相关性。从地域分布来看,出现寒潮次数最多的地方是建昌县,最少的地方是绥中县,主要受下垫面、纬度和海拔高度等因素的影响和制约。

Study on the Characteristics and Causes of Cold Waves in Huludao Region

Based on four meteorological station's daily data in Huludao from 1960 to 2009,using the standard of the blue and yellow early-warning signal of the cold wave to classify it,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics were analyzed.The result showed that the cold wave in Huludao may happen from September to next May,mostly in October and November and the least in May,which mainly because of the seasonal climatic transition.The cold wave mostly happened in the 60′s of last century.Along with the increased average(minimum) temperature,the number of the cold wave to the standard of the blue early-warning was decreasing,but there was no obvious relation between the change of the temperature and the number of the cold wave that reached the standard of the yellow early-warning.From the spatial distribution,cold wave in Jianchang County occurred the most frequently,and the one in Suizhong County occurred the least,which mainly affected by underlying,latitude and altitude.