杂交中籼水稻机插栽培氮肥运筹研究

目的]明确杂交中籼水稻机插栽培高产高效氮肥运筹技术模式。方法]2007和2008年,分别以两优6326和丰两优3号为试材,在机插和相同磷钾肥（底肥）条件下,设置3种施氮量（165、210和255 kg/hm2）和2种基蘖肥与穗粒肥比例（6.0∶4.0和7.5∶2.5）,进行田间裂区试验。结果]在中小苗机插条件下,杂交中籼水稻丰产栽培的适宜施氮量为210 kg/hm2 减少基蘖肥施氮比例、相应适当增加穗肥施氮量,并在倒2叶期追施40%的穗肥,更有利于机插杂交中籼水稻高产群体的形成,并对抽穗后干物质积累量和稻谷产量有明显的促进作用 基蘖肥∶穗肥比例以6.0∶4.0为佳。结论]杂交中籼稻机插栽培的氮肥运筹不同于常规粳稻机插栽培 在9750 kg/hm2目标产量水平下,推荐的施氮方案是大田总用氮210 kg/hm2。

Study on Nitrogen Application for Middle-season Indica Hybrid Rice under Machine Transplanted Cultivation

Objective] The study aimed to make clear the high-yield and high-efficient N fertilizer application technique mode for the middle-season Indica hybrid rice under machine-transplanted cultivation.Method] With Liangyou 6326 and Fengliangyou 3 as the tested materials resp.in 2007 and 2008,3 kinds of N application rate at 165,210 and 255 kg/hm2 and 2 proportions of basic-tillering and panicle-spikelet fertilizers at 6.0∶4.0 and 7.5∶2.5 were set up under the conditions of machine-transplanting and same P and K fertilizer application(used as basic fertilizer) to conduct the split plot experiment in the field.Result] Under the condition of machine-transplanting for middle and small seedlings,the suitable N applying amount for high yield of the middle-season Indica hybrid rice was 210 kg/hm2.Properly reducing the N applying proportion of basic-tillering fertilizer and correspondingly increasing N application rate of panicle fertilizers by applying 40% panicle fertilizer of total amount in the stage of second leaf from top was more propitious to form the high-yield population of middle-season Indica hybrid rice and had obvious promotion on the dry matter accumulation in rice after heading and high-yield of middle-season Indica hybrid rice,with the ratio of basic-tillering and panicle-spikelet fertilizers at 6.0∶4.0 being optimum..Conclusion] N fertilizer application under machine-transplanted cultivation for the middle-season Indica hybrid rice was not as same as that for conventional Japonica rice and the total N amount of 210 kg/hm2 in the field was recommended for the objective yield level of 9 750 kg/hm2.