城市废水暴露对食蚊鱼肝脏EROD酶活性的影响

采用动力学酶标荧光法,检测了东莞市数所污水处理厂、制药厂和电子厂废水对食蚊鱼(Gambusia affinis)肝组织中7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase(EROD)酶活性的影响,评价了运用EROD酶活性监测水环境污染物的生物效应的可行性。结果显示,食蚊鱼分别暴露于经稀释为20%,40%,60%,80%不同梯度的废水液72 h后,肝脏EROD酶的活性分别与受试城市污水处理厂、制药厂和电子厂的废水之间存在剂量效应关系,EROD酶活性随污水浓度的增加而提高。电子厂废水的最大诱导倍数与对照组的比值可达到5.26,这表明其水体中存在的有机污染物较多,污水处理厂次之,制药厂的出水中污染物最少。研究表明,食蚊鱼肝组织EROD酶活性可以作为监测城市废水污染的理想生物标记物,后续的研究工作应使之标准化。

Effects of EROD Activity in Liver of Mosquitofish Exposed to Urban Wastewater

The kinetic enzyme assay method was used to measure the 7-ethoxyresorufin o-deethylase （EROD）activity in liver of mosquitofish （Gambusia affinis） exposed in enterprise wastewater from the number of sewage treatment plants, pharmaceutical plants and electronics factory of Dongguan City in order to assess the degree of pollution by persistent organic pollutants in water environment. Male mosquitofish were exposed to 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the different gradient dilution of wastewater for 72 h by using the hydrostatic bath method, and the EROD enzyme activities in fish liver were detected, respectively. The results showed that within a certain concentration of pollutant, there were dose-effect relationship between in EROD activity and wastewater pollutant concentration. In a certain range of pollutant concentrations, EROD activity with the increase of effluent, dose-response relationship evident. The largest electronics factory experimental group and control group induction ratio was 5.26, which indicated that the persistent organic pollutants in wastewater from the electronics plants were higher than that in sewage treatment plants and pharmaceutical plants. Reality monitoring practice confirmed that the use of EROD for water monitoring of the biological effects of environmental pollutants is feasible, but still need more detailed studies to supplement, improve, and standardize.