中国南部热带植物区系的特点与亲缘

中国南部热带植物区系主要以云南南部、广西西南部和海南热带植物区系为代表 .该文简要分析了它们植物区系的组成特征和地理成分 ,比较研究了云南南部和海南热带植物区系与东南亚的马来半岛和文莱热带植物区系的关系 ,得出以下结论 :(1)中国南部植物区系主要由热带植物区系成分组成 ,热带分布的科和属分别占总科和属数的 6 0 %和 80 %多 ,在热带分布属中 ,又具体以热带亚洲成分占优势 ,显示该植物区系是热带性质的植物区系 ,具有热带亚洲亲缘 ;(2 )中国南部热带植物区系中多于 70 %的科和多于 5 0 %的属与马来西亚植物区系共有 ,并且其优势科中大多数也为马来西亚植物区系的优势科 ,意味着在植物区系分区上它属于热带亚洲或印度 马来西亚植物区系的一部分 ;(3)由于位于东南亚热带北缘 ,中国南部热带植物区系中以边缘热带成分为主 ,是印度 马来西亚植物区系的热带北缘类型 ;(4)中国南部植物区系的热带亚洲亲缘可以从东南亚的地质演化历史解释

Characteristics and Affinity of Tropical Flora in Southern China

The tropical flora in southern China is represented mainly by three regional flora, i.e. southern Yunnan (southwestern China), southwestern Guangxi (southwestern China) and Hainan Island (southern China). The floristic composition of each is concisely enumerated. Their geographical elements at generic level are analyzed. Furthermore, a comparison of floristic similarities between southern Yunnan and Hainan Island and Malay Peninsula and Brunei of western Malesia is made, based on existing regional flora treatments. The following is concluded: (1) The flora of southern China consists mainly of tropical floristic elements which contribute about 60% at the family level and more than 80 % at the generic level of its total flora. The dominant distribution type of the flora of southern China at the generic level is the tropical Asian distribution pattern. This reveals that the flora of southern China is of tropical nature with a strong tropical Asian affinity; (2) Most of the dominant families from the flora of southern China are also dominant in the Malesian flora. The floristic similarities between the regional flora of southern China and the regional flora of western Malesia are over 70% at the family level and more than 50% at the generic level. This suggests that the tropical flora of southern China belongs to the Malesian floristic region; (3) Situated at the northern margin of tropical Asia, on the other hand it is also obvious that the flora of southern China comprises less strictly tropical elements compared to the Malesian flora, and is consequently only a marginal type of the latter; (4) The close affinity of the flora of southern China to the Malesian flora can be explained by the geological history of southeast Asia.