Genetic resources of rice in the Western Himalayan region of India: current status |
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Authors: | J C Rana K S Negi S A Wani Sanjeev Saxena K Pradheep Anjali Kak S K Pareek P A Sofi |
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Institution: | (1) National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Phagli, Shimla, 171 004, HP, India;(2) National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Niglat, Bhowali, 263 132, UP, India;(3) Department of Plant Breeding, SKUAST, Shalimar, Srinagar, J&K, India;(4) National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110 012, India |
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Abstract: | The Western Himalayan region of India possesses rich genetic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice landraces having withstood the rigors of biotic and abiotic stresses, suit to the local conditions of farms and
reflect socio-cultural preferences can still be found in crop fields located distantly in rural and tribal areas. This region
is known for growing World fame basmati in the foot hills and many varieties of red rices grown at higher elevations, known
for cold tolerance and medicinal properties. Genetic resources of rice were collected for about 8 years (1999–2006) and 1069
germplasm accessions including 154 named landraces were collected. Prominent landraces such as Begumi, Ramjwain, Thapachini, Naurang, Hansraj, Tilakchandan, Lalsati, Jhini, Mushakbudji, Jattoo, Barpasso, Qadirbeigh, Safedbrez,
Shahie known for their special quality attributes were collected. The change in land use, cropping patterns and aggressive introduction
of modern varieties in the region has resulted in the loss of a large number of landraces especially from irrigated lands.
The present paper looks at the status of rice genetic resources, genetic variability, genetic erosion and future strategies
to conserve rice germplasm on farm and to maximize its use in rice breeding. |
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