玉米淀粉与丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物物理性能研究

[目的]探讨玉米淀粉与丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物的物理性能。[方法]对玉米淀粉与丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物片材进行碾片试验、拉伸试验、酶解试验、吸水试验、耐沸水试验等,分析测定其物理性能。[结果]在前辊温度为90～95℃,后辊温度为95～100℃时,片材的物理性能较好,表面光滑、半透明,同时具有良好的韧性和可塑性;样品经α-淀粉酶处理29 d,接枝共聚物失重接近49.2%,说明片材具有生物降解性;样品的质量和吸水率均为先升高后降低,说明片材具有耐水性;样品放入沸水中煮沸5 min,片材的周边发生卷曲,没有润胀;样品拉伸强度测定表明,片材表现出良好的力学性能。[结论]玉米淀粉与丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚物物理性能良好,具有良好的可塑性和可降解性,可用作生物降解材料。

Study on Physical Properties of Graft Copolymer of Corn Starch and Methyl Acrylate

[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the physical properties of graft copolymer of corn starch and methyl acrylate.[Method] The physical properties of the graft copolymer sheet of corn starch and methyl acrylate were determined through the grinding experiment,tensioning experiment,enzyme biodegraded experiment,water absorption experiment,and boiling water resisting experiment,etc.[Result] When the front roll temperature was 90-95 ℃ and the after rolls temperature was 95-100 ℃,the sheet had better physical performance with the smooth and translucent surface,and also had good toughness and plasticity.When the sample was treated by α-amylase for 29 d,the graft copolymer was in the weightlessness close to 49%,showing that the sheet had biodegradability.The quality and water absorption rate of the sample were first rose and then reduced,indicating that the sheet had water resistance.When the sample was boiled in boiling water for 5 min,the periphery of sheet showed curling without swelling.The sample determination on the tensioning strength showed that the sheet had good mechanics performance.[Conclusion] The graft copolymer of corn starch and methyl acrylate showed the good physical properties with better plasticity and biodegradability,so it could be used as the material of biodegradable plastic.