昕水河流域综合治理及水沙变化分析

<正> 昕水河流域是山西省临汾地区西山最大的入黄一级支流,面积4326km~2,占临汾西山地区总面积的42％。统计该流域葛口水文站1955～1989年径流泥沙资料,可知1973～1989年的17年,水沙变化较大,年平均径流量、输沙量分别比1955～1972年减少了39.6％和54.8％。特别是1981～1989年,年平均径流量减少了47.8％,输沙量减少70.8％。本文拟对该流域的水沙变化原因作一初步分析。

Comprehensive Management of the Xinshui River Basin and Analysis on the Variation of Water and Sediment Runoff

Xinshui River,a tributary of the Yellow River,is Located in the mountain area of the west Linfen region of the Shanxi Province and has a drainage area of 4326 km2 subject to severe soil and water loss. The upper basin is Located in the forest area of the rocky Luliang Mountain and the middle and lower basin in the gullied rolling loess area. Since the founding of new China,soil Conservation works of the basin has been developed in a planned way an area of 1106 km2has been put under preliminary control, making up 38. 1% of the total 2900 km2 soil and water loss area. According to the observed data of Gekou Hydrometric Station in the period of 1955-1989,it is learnt that variations of water and sediment runoff were great, during the period of 1973-1989 and the annual average runoff and sediment yield had reduced by 39, 6% and 54. 8% respectively, Comparing with that in 1955-1972. period. According to the analysis 21. 3 million m3 of annual runoff is reduced because of reduction of precipitation and change of rainfall pattern,occupying 27. 3% of the total average annual reduction; 12 million m3 of average annual runoff, 15. 4% of the total reduction, because of the increase of water withdrawn for urban, industry and agriculture use; and 41.8 million m3 water runoff,53. 6% of the total reduction,as well as 12. 7 million tons sediment,88% of the total reduction,due to rentention by various soil conservation measures.