不同土壤对入侵植物与本土植物生长的影响

目的]了解外来入侵植物和本土植物对不同类型土壤的生长适应性。方法]对两种外来入侵植物(微甘菊和南美蟛蜞菊)和两种本土植物(金纽扣和鸡矢藤)在两种不同营养水平土壤(潜育性水稻土和花岗岩赤红壤)上叶绿素含量与生物量分配情况进行了比较研究。结果]当土壤肥力水平降低时,微甘菊的叶绿素总量显著升高,叶绿素a/b值显著降低;金纽扣叶绿素总量和叶绿素a/b值的变化趋势则与微甘菊相反。南美蟛蜞菊和鸡矢藤的叶绿素含量、叶绿素a/b值、生物量及根冠比均不随土壤肥力水平的变化而发生变化。两种本土植物的生物量随土壤肥力水平的下降而降低,根冠比则随土壤肥力水平的下降而升高。结论]外来入侵植物对不同肥力水平的土壤均具有较强的适应能力。

Influences of Different Soils on the Growths of Invasive Plants and Native Plants

Objective] The purpose of the study was to know about the growth adaptabilities of foreign invasive plants and native plants to the soils of different types.Method] The chlorophyll contents and biomass distributions in 2 foreign invasive plants(Mikania micrantha and Trilobate wedelia) and 2 native plants(Spilanthes acmella and Paederia scandens) on 2 soils(gleyey paddy soil and lateritic red soil originating from granite) with different nutritive levels were studied comparatively.Result] When the soil fertility level reduced,the total chlorophyll content increased significantly and the chlorophyll a/b value reduced significantly in M.micrantha,and their change trends in S.acmella were opposite to that in M.micrantha.When the soil fertility level changed,the chlorophyll contents,chlorophyll a/b values,biomasses and root-canopy ratios of T.wedelia and P.scandens didn't change.The biomasses of 2 native plants reduced and their root-canopy ratios increased as the soil fertility level reduced.Conclusion] The foreign invasive plants had relatively strong adaptability to the soils with different fertility levels.