河北省葡萄主产区土壤养分丰缺状况

【目的】研究河北省葡萄主产区土壤养分丰缺状况，为科学、合理制定河北葡萄主产区的施肥策略奠定基础。【方法】在河北葡萄主产区昌黎、怀来、宣化、涿鹿共选择典型果园99个，采集0—20 cm、20—40 cm、40—60 cm土层土壤样品进行养分丰缺状况分析。【结果】葡萄园有机质含量普遍较低，0—20 cm、20—40 cm、40—60 cm土层有机质含量处于缺乏状况的比例分别为：52%、76%和90%；葡萄园氮、磷、钾大量元素变异系数很大，表层土壤的变异系数分别为：113.1%、143.5%和68%；葡萄园铁、铜含量丰富，表层含量达到适量以上的比例分别为94%和99%，锌、锰含量处于低水平，表层含量处于缺乏状况的比例分别为56%和100%。【结论】不同葡萄园生产应因地制宜，建议增施有机肥及含锌、锰元素的肥料，合理施用氮肥，减少喷施含铜杀菌剂。

Status of Soil Fertility in Vineyard-Producing Areas of Hebei Province

【Objective】 Soil nutrient fertility status was investigated to formulate a suitable fertilization strategy so as to help to raise its economic and environmental benefits. 【Method】 Soil samples from different layers (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40−60 cm) were collected from 99 vineyard producing areas located in Changli, Huailai, Xuanhua and Zhuozhou counties in Hebei Province, respectively. 【Result】The content of soil organic matter was low at large, the deficiency rate of 0−20 cm, 20−40 cm and 40−60 cm was 52%, 76% and 90%, respectively. Moreover, the CV of vineyards soil N, P and K was high and the CV of surface soil was 113.1%, 143.5% and 68%, respectively. Similarly, the concentrations of Fe and Cu in vineyards soil were too high, 94% and 99% in surface soil above suitable content, respectively. However, the contents of Zn and Mn were low and the deficiency rate of Zn and Mn was 56% and 100% in surface soil, respectively. 【Conclusion】It was suggested that more organic matter, Zn, Mn, rational application of nitrogen and less Cu fungicide should be used in the tested vineyards.