环境友好型生物降解材料聚乳酸的性能研究

聚乳酸(PLA)是一类重要的绿色环保型可降解材料,正受到人们越来越多的关注,近年来被广泛应用。笔者简要论述了生物降解材料聚乳酸的物化性能、力学性能及生物降解性能,综述了聚乳酸的合成方法—乳酸直接缩聚法和丙交酯开环聚合法,分析了国内外的生产现状。最后,对聚乳酸的合成及应用前景进行了展望,并指出可生物降解材料聚乳酸一旦工业化,它在医用及降解塑料方面将会有难以估量的应用前景。

Study on Characteristics of Environmental-friendly and Biodegradable Material Polylactic Acid

Polylactic acid(PLA)is a kind of important degradable material,which is being increasingly used as biomaterials,thus it attracted much attention.In this paper,the physical and mechanical performances,chemical and biodegradable properties of PLA are discussed briefly.Two main synthesis methods of PLA,condensation polymerization of lactic acid and ring-opening polymerization of lactide in recent years are described in details,and the situation of production is analyzed as well.Finally,the fields of synthesis,application,current state of development and the prospects of PLA are presented.Some suggestions on its industrialization are given,once the manufacture of PLA is industrialized,it can be of wide application in the fields of medicine and degraded plastics.