乐清湾养殖缢蛏群体遗传结构的微卫星标记分析

为筛选出多态性EST-SSR位点，来评价乐清湾缢蛏养殖群体遗传的样性变化。采用40对EST-SSR引物对浙江省乐清湾缢蛏养殖群体进行全基因扫描，结果显示，有29对引物能获得稳定的特异性条带（占总数的72.5%），其中14个微卫星位点具有多态性（占总数35%)。14个位点共检测到等位基因数（Na）61个，每个位点的等位基因数变化从2~12个。各引物观测杂合度（HO）、期望杂合度（HE）和多态信息含量(PIC)变化范围分别为0.025~0.868、0.258~0.850、0.242~0.834；位点YC-1、YC-11、YC-1２、YC-16、YC-27、YC-35（p<0.05）显著偏离哈代-温伯格平衡。说明缢蛏EST序列中有较丰富的SSR位点；乐清湾缢蛏养殖群体遗传多样性较丰富，但有所下降，需加强资源保护。

Genetic Variation of cultured population Structure in Sinonovacula constricta Using Microsatellites

In order to screen EST-SSR polymorphic loci and investigate the genetic diversity of cultured population of Sinonovacula constricta in Yueqing Gulf of Zhejiang Province, genomic DNA of S. constricta were scanned by using 40 pairs of EST-SSR. The result showed that 29 pairs of primers produced stable and specific bands （72.5%）, of which 14 were polymorphic （35%）. The number of observed, expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content （PIC） ranged from 0.025 to 0.868, 0.258 to 0.850 and 0.242 to 0.834, respectively. 6 loci （YC-1, YC-11, YC-12, YC-16, YC-27, YC-35） significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （P〈0.05）. The results indicated that the expressed sequence tags of S.constricta were rich of SSR; the genetic diversity of S. constricta in Yueqing Gulf was abundant, but it had beening decreasing, the resource needed to be protected.