高频率诱导马铃薯双单倍体的研究

通过４ｘ—２ｘ杂交测验，从Ｓｏｌａｎｕｍｐｈｕｒｅｊａ后代中筛选出９份诱导双单倍体频率和花粉育性高的授粉者．它们的平均诱导率为３３株双单倍体／１００个果，并具有显性纯合的胚斑标记基因（ＢＢ）和紫色胚轴标记基因（ＰＰ），可用来有效地识别双单倍体．不同的四倍体母本产生双单倍体的频率不同，中薯２号产生频率最高，达３４株双单倍体／１００个果，母本基因型对双单倍体的产生有很大的影响．

HIGH FREQUENCY OF DIHAPLOID INDUCTION FROM THE CULTIVATED TETRAPLOID POTATO

Through 4x-2x crosses, 9 lines from Solanum phureja were selected as pollinators. These pollinators had several advantages over the controls (IVP35 and IVP48), including high frequency of dihaploid induction and pollen fertility. Their average frequency of induction was 33.0 dihaploids/100 fruits. They also possessed a dominant embryo spot marker (BB) and a dominant seedling marker (PP) for purple hypocotyl. Both markers are homozygous and can be effectively used to identify dihaploids. There were differences in the dihaploid frequency between the maternal parents. Zhongshu No.2 had the highest frequency (34.0dihaploid/100 fruits) among three varieties. But the effects of environments on pseudogamous dihapoid production can never be neglected.