种植紫花苜蓿对云南酸性土壤酸碱性和土壤成分的影响

目的]探讨利用石灰调节酸性土壤pH后,不同播种量、施磷量和行距对土壤成分的影响以及种植不同作物对土壤成分的影响。方法]采用二次饱和D-最优设计和随机区组设计。结果]紫花苜蓿不同播种量、施磷量和行距对土壤pH没有显著的影响,土壤有机质含量随播种量和施磷量的增加有不同程度的增加,而与行距的变化呈负相关关系,但均未达到显著水平;土壤速效氮含量与播种量和施磷量呈不显著正相关,与行距呈0.01水平显著的负相关;种植不同作物1年后土壤有机质含量增加,且差异达到0.05显著水平。种植苜蓿和三叶草能在0.05水平显著增加土壤全氮含量,但种植小麦和南瓜对全氮含量没有影响。种植豆科牧草(苜蓿和三叶草)均在0.01水平显著增加土壤碱解氮含量,而种植小麦和南瓜对碱解氮含量没有显著影响。结论]该研究可为云南酸性土壤引进种植紫花苜蓿提供基础依据。

Effects on Soil pH and Soil Composition in Acid Soil in Yunnan by Planting Alfalfa

Objective] The research aimed to study the influence of different seeding rate,amount of phosphate and row spacing of alfafa on soil nutrient after adjusting the soil pH using lime,and the influence of planting different crops on soil nutrient.Method]The two times saturated D-the optimal design and randomized design were adopted.Result]Different seeding rate,amount of phosphate and row spacing of alfafa had no significant effects on soil pH.The content of soil organic matter increased in different level with the increase of seeding rate and amount of phosphate,while soil pH was inversely related with the change of the row spacing,but the influence wasn’t significant.The content of soil nitrogen positively correlated with seeding rate and amount of phosphate,but negatively correlated with row spacing.The content of soil organic matter increased by planting different crops after a year and the difference was significant.The content of soil total nitrogen was increased significantly by planting alfalfa and clover,but planting wheat and pumpkin had no effects on the content of soil total nitrogen.Leguminosae herbage(alfalfa and clover) significantly increased the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,but planting wheat and pumpkin had no significant effects on the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen.Conclusion] The study can provide basic reference for the planting of introducted alfalfa in acidic soil in Yunnan province.