复方中草药添加剂对热应激下奶牛生产性能、生理和生化指标的影响研究

试验按产奶量、胎次、泌乳时间和体况评分相近的原则选取40头健康荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为对照组、试验Ⅰ组（中草药）、试验Ⅱ组（中草药＋缓冲剂）、试验Ⅲ组（中草药＋益生菌）和试验Ⅳ组（中草药＋γ-氨基丁酸），测定热应激期生产性能、生理和血液生化指标的变化，探讨复方中草药添加剂对奶牛热应激的影响及其机理。试验结果显示：（1）平均产奶量，Ⅳ组〉Ⅲ组〉Ⅰ组〉Ⅱ组〉对照组，其中Ⅳ组和Ⅲ组分别比对照组提高1．28kg／d和1．25kg／d（P〈0．05）；（2）各组间乳成分无明显变化；（3）生理指标方面，试验各组直肠温度和呼吸频率均略低于对照组（P〉0．05）；（4）试验各组三碘甲腺原氨酸（T3）浓度均高于对照组，其中试验Ⅱ组比对照组高37．33％（P〈0．05）；甲状腺素（T4）浓度，除试验Ⅲ组有所降低外，Ⅱ组和Ⅰ组均比对照组高（P〉0．05）；试验组皮质醇（Cot）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和白细胞介素-2（IL-2）均略低于对照组；血清中肌酸激酶（CK）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和谷草转氨酶（AST）含量均低于对照组，其中试验Ⅲ组AST含量比对照组低21．34％（P〈0．05）；谷丙转氨酶（ALT）含量均高于对照组。由此可见，复方中草药添加剂具有缓解奶牛热应激症状、改善机体代谢、调节内分泌和免疫水平的作用；就提高生产性能而言，以中草药＋益生菌和中草药＋γ-氨基丁酸两组配方的效果最佳。

Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives on Production Performance, Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Dairy Cows under Heat Stress

The goal of this article is to investigate the impact and manchisms on compound Chinese herbal medicine additives to dairy cows under heat stress. According to the similar principles in milk yield, calving number, lactation, body condition score, 40 healthy Holstein cows were selected and divided into five groups： control group, group Ⅰ （herbs）, group Ⅱ （herbsq-buffer）, group Ⅲ （herbs ＋ prohiotics）, group [Ⅴ （herbs＋GABA）. The experiment results were compared by measuring production performance, physiological and biochemical indexes. The results were as follows： （1）for average milk yield, group Ⅳ〉 group Ⅲ〉group Ⅰ〉 group Ⅱ〉 control group, among which group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ increased respectively 1.25 kg/d and 1.28 kg/d（P〈0.05） than that of control group. However, the milk composition of experimental groups was not significantly changed. （2）for physiological indexes, the rectal temperature and respiratory rate of experimental groups were all lower than that of control group（P〉0.05）. （3） for serum biochemical signs, Ta concentration of experimental groups were all higher than that of control group, in which group Ⅱ increased by 37.33% （P〈0.05） from control group;T4 concentration of group Ⅰ , group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ were higher than that of control group. While Cor and ACTH concentrations, as well as IL-2 concentrations of experimental groups were lower than those of control group; the concentrations of CK, ALP and AST in serum of experimental groups were lower than that of the control group, while ALT levels were higher. So, the compound Chinese herbal medicine additives can ease the physiology symptoms, improve hormone, enzyme and immune factor of cow to enhance the production performance in heat stress eriod. As far as improving the production performance is concerned, the formulas of herbal ＋ probiotics nd herbal ＋ GABA are of best effect.