太湖流域粳稻地方品种食味品质分析

为了充分利用太湖流域优质的粳稻种质资源,选取161份太湖流域粳稻地方品种(系)为试验材料,对其10个食味性状进行分析评价。结果表明,太湖流域不同水稻品种(系)的食味品质间存在极显著差异。不同品种的稻米RVA谱曲线特征值与直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、脂肪酸含量间均存在一定的相关性;崩解值和消减值2个指标不仅可以反映RVA谱曲线的基本特征,同时又可以反映稻米食味品质的优劣。低直链淀粉含量的水稻品种的RVA谱仍存在较大的差异。随着脂肪酸含量的增加,峰值黏度、热浆黏度、崩解值均极显著下降(P<0.01);而消减值则随着脂肪酸含量的增加而极显著提高(P<0.01)。因此,从RVA谱曲线特征值看,本试验选用的太湖流域水稻地方品种(系)的部分稻米食味品质优良,可作为优质高产的种质资源进行利用。

Analysis of eating quality in local Japonica rice at Taihu Lake area

In order to make the most of high quality Japonica rice germplasm resources at Taihu Lake area,161 local Japonica rice cultivars were employed as materials to analyze and evaluate 10 eating characters of them.The eating quality of different Japonica rice varieties(lines) at Taihu Lake area showed significantly differences(P<0.01).There were certain correlations between the characteristic values of RVA profile and amylose content(AC),protein content(PC)and fatty acid content(FAC).The breakdown(BDV)and setback(SBV)not only reflected the basic character of curves of RVA profile,but also reflected the eating quality of rice.The RVA profiles displayed big differences among the rice varieties with similar AC.Peak viscosity(PV),hot viscosity(HV) and BDV significantly decreased with the increase of FAC(P<0.01),while SBV significantly increased with the increase of FAC(P<0.01).From the characteristic curves of RVA profile,some of the local Japonica rice cultivars from Taihu Lake area had good eating quality and could be used as high-quality germplasm resources.