Quantitative trait loci for stomatal density and size in lowland rice |
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Authors: | Ma Rebecca C Laza Motohiko Kondo Osamu Ideta Edward Barlaan Tokio Imbe |
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Institution: | (1) Crop and Environmental Sciences Division, The International Rice Research Institute, DAPO BOX 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines;(2) Department of Rice Research, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), 2-1-18, Kannondai, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8518, Japan;(3) National Agricultural Research Center for Western Region (WeNARC), 6-12-1 Nishi-fukatsucho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima 721-8514, Japan;(4) Kikkokai Social Welfare Corporation, Ichikawa-minami 1-3-2-305, Ichikawa City, Chiba 272-0033, Japan;(5) Present address: National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region, 2421 Suya, Koshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan |
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Abstract: | Genotypic variation in stomatal density and size has been reported but little is known of the genetic mechanisms behind these
leaf traits. Using 101 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between a tropical japonica, IR69093-41-3-2-2 and an
indica variety, IR72, we conducted a field study to determine stomatal density and size and identify quantitative trait loci
(QTL) controlling these traits under lowland conditions. Ten QTLs for stomatal density and four QTLs for size were identified
across growth stages and leaf surfaces (adaxial and abaxial). The contribution of each QTL to total phenotypic variation ranged
from 9.3 to 15.2% for stomatal density and 9.7 to 14.3% for size. The allele from IR72 increased stomatal density and that
from IR69093-41-3-2-2 increased size. The expression of the QTLs for stomatal density and size differed by growth stage indicating
that these traits might be genetically controlled depending on growth stage or that each QTL had a different function by growth
stage. Significant negative genetic correlations between stomatal density and size at both vegetative (r = −0.308**) and heading (r = −0.484**) stages were observed but no common QTL for these traits was detected across growth stages and leaf surfaces.
These results indicate that the QTLs for density and size may neither be genetically linked nor pleiotropically controlled
and findings can be used as basis for selection at the leaf level on the balance of carbon and water uptake. Further study
is needed to fully understand the mechanism underlying the observed genetic association and to elucidate the function of the
QTLs involved. |
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