几种化学药剂和微生物菌剂对腐烂茎线虫的室内触杀活性

本研究比较了5种化学药剂和4种微生物菌剂对腐烂茎线虫的室内触杀活性,并在此基础上进一步探究了化学药剂与微生物菌剂复合使用的效果。结果表明,在5种供试化学药剂推荐浓度条件下,70%噁霉灵可湿性粉剂26.92 g/L对腐烂茎线虫的触杀效果最好,72 h的校正死亡率可达87.32%,20%噻唑膦水乳剂6.06 g/L与41.70%氟吡菌酰胺悬浮剂5.21 g/L对腐烂茎线虫的触杀活性次之;用以上3种化学药剂100倍稀释液处理腐烂茎线虫,72 h后20%噻唑膦水乳剂2.00 g/L与70%噁霉灵可湿性粉剂7.00 g/L的效果最好,腐烂茎线虫的校正死亡率分别为84.61%和81.68%。在供试的4种微生物菌剂中,推荐用量条件下,有效活菌数≥200.0亿/g抗根结线虫菌剂粉剂500 g/L对腐烂茎线虫的触杀效果最好,72 h的校正死亡率达76.48%,其次为10亿活芽胞/g枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂66.6 g/L。有效活菌数≥200.0亿/g抗根结线虫菌剂粉剂在推荐用量基础上增加25%用量可提高对腐烂茎线虫的触杀效果,72 h校正死亡率达到85.58%。同时,化学药剂与微生物菌剂在一定浓度条件下复合使用可以显著提高对腐烂茎线虫的触杀效果,其中有效活菌数≥200.0亿/g抗根结线虫菌剂粉剂与70%噁霉灵可湿性粉剂复合处理的效果最好,腐烂茎线虫在48 h的校正死亡率达到93.30%;其次为有效活菌数≥200.0亿/g抗根结线虫菌剂粉剂与20%噻唑膦水乳剂的组合,48 h的校正死亡率达到81.68%。本研究为腐烂茎线虫的有效防控提供了新的思路和方法。

Indoor contact activities of several chemicals and microbial agents against Ditylenchus destructor

Indoor contact toxicity of five chemical agents and four microbial agents against Ditylenchus destructor were determined in different concentration levels,and the complex effect of chemical and microbial agents on the nematode were also evaluated.The results showed when using the recommended dose hymexazol 70% WP at 26.92 g/L had the strongest contact toxicity with 87.32% corrected death rate 72 h after treatment,followed by fosthiazate 20% EW at 6.06 g/L and fluopyram 41.70% SC at 5.21 g/L.Treated by the above three agents at 100 times dilution,hymexazo 70% WP at 7.00 g/L and fosthiazate 20% EW at 2.00 g/L had high toxicity,with the corrected death rate of 81.68% and 84.61% 72 h after treatment,respectively.In four microbial agents,when using the recommended dose anti-root-knot nematode agent≥2×10¹⁰ cfu/g DP at 500 g/L showed strongest contact toxicity with 76.48% corrected death rate 72 h after treatment,followed by Bacillus subtilis 1×10⁹ spore/g WP at 66.6 g/L.Corrected death rate rose to 85.58% after treated with anti-root-knot nematode agent 125% DP in 72 h.Contact toxicity of chemical agents became stronger when treated with microbial agents in certain concentration.Among which hymexazo 70% WP combined with anti-root-knot nematode agent≥2×10¹⁰ cfu/g DP at 500 g/L showed strongest contact toxicity with 93.30% corrected death rate 48 h after treatment,followed by fosthiazate 20% EW combined with anti-root-knot nematode agent ≥2×10¹⁰ cfu/g DP at 500 g/L with 81.68% corrected death rate in 48 h.This study provided new ideas and methods for Ditylenchus destructor control.