荷叶离褶伞液体发酵及生物酶法提取菌丝体多糖的研究

首次利用10 L发酵罐研究了荷叶离褶伞菌丝生长、胞内和胞外多糖产量,以及6种酶对发酵菌丝体多糖的提取效果。结果表明,在25℃、120 r/min,空气流量为200 L/h的条件下发酵,8 d时胞内多糖含量（63.1 mg/g干菌丝体）和胞外多糖产量（3.54 g/L）达最高,9 d时菌丝体产量（17.86 g/L）及胞内多糖产量（1.11 g/L）达最高,与摇瓶发酵相比,其产量均显著提高。参试的6种酶中,溶壁酶酶解处理菌丝体获得的多糖产量最高,而中性蛋白酶是最经济适宜的酶类,与不加酶的水提法相比,多糖提取率分别提高了459.29%和376.11%,中性蛋白酶酶解制备菌丝体多糖的适宜条件为:在1%酶用量下,30℃酶解2 h后,95℃提取2次,每次2 h。

Fermentation of Lyophyllum decastes and Extraction of |Polysaccharides from Mycelia by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

The mycelial growth, intro- and extro-polysaccharide production of Lyophyllum decastes were investigated in this research using a 10 L fermentor, and the effects of six enzymes on extraction of mycelial intro-polysaccharide were also studied. The results indicated that under conditions of 25℃, 120 r/min and 200L air flux /h, the content of intro-polysaccharide and yield of extro-polysaccharide could reach the highest on day 8th with 63.1 mg/g dry mycelium and 3.54 g/L, respectively. But, the yields of mycelia and intro-polysaccharide could reach the maximum on the 9th day with 17.86 g/L and 1.11 g/L, respectively. These yields were significantly higher than that by using shaking flask. Among the 6 tested enzymes, the highest yield was obtained by lywallzyme for intro-polysaccharide extraction from mycelia, whereas neutral protease was the most economic enzyme. Comparing with hot-water treatment, the extraction rate was increased by 459.29% and 376.11%, respectively for lywallzyme and neutral protease. The optimal condition for preparation of mycelial polysaccharide by neutral protease was using 1% enzyme, incubated for 2 h at 30℃ during hydrolytic reaction, then followed by 2 times of the same steps for extraction at 95℃, each time for 2 h.