大豆皂苷的提取和纯化工艺研究

[目的]寻求大豆豆渣提取皂苷的最佳提取工艺,以期能提高豆渣的利用率。[方法]以豆渣为原料,采用乙醇浸提、石油醚萃取、正丁醇萃取、乙酸乙酯沉淀法提取大豆皂苷,D101型大孔吸附树脂分离纯化大豆皂苷,并用香草醛-高氯酸法比色法检测大豆皂苷纯度。通过正交试验研究从大豆豆渣中提取皂苷的主要影响因素。[结果]大豆豆渣提取皂苷的最佳提取条件为乙醇浓度70%,提取时间12h,固液比1∶5,在此条件下皂苷时产率最高,由香草醛-高氯酸比色法检测提取的大豆皂苷纯度为19.3%。粗制大豆皂苷经大孔吸附树脂纯化后得到精制大豆皂苷的纯度为61.2%。[结论]该试验研究的工艺技术上可行,原料价廉适合于工业化生产。

Studies on the Extraction and Purification Process of Soybean Saponin

Objective Seek for optimum technology of extracting soybean saponin to increase the uitilizating rate of soybean dregs .Method With soybean dregs as tested material,the extracting method of ethanol,petroleum aether,butanol and the precipitation method ethyl acetate were used to extract soybean saponin.The macroporous adsorption resin D101and the vanillin-perchloric acid colorimetry were used to separate and purify soybean saponin and to determined the purity of extract soybean,resp.The main factors effecting the extraction of soybean saponin were studied through orthogonal experiment.Result The optimum technology of extracting saponin from soybean dregs was with 70% ethanol,ratio of solid to liquid of 1:5 and extraing time of 12 h,under which,the yield of saponin was highest and the purity of extract soybean detected by the vanillin-perchloric acid colorimetry was 19.3 %.The purity of refine soybean saponin purified by macroporous adsorption resin from the rough soybean saponin was 61.2 %.Conclusion The technology studied by this test is feasible in technique,cheap in raw material,which is fit for inductrialization production.