苦瓜叶片化学成分的气-质联用分析及抗虫作用研究

目的]研究苦瓜叶片乙醇提取物的化学成分及对小菜蛾生长的抑制效应。方法]采用GC-MS(气相色谱-质谱联用)分析技术对苦瓜叶片乙醇提取物中化学成分进行了分析,并研究了苦瓜叶片乙醇提取物对小菜蛾幼虫的抗虫作用。结果]苦瓜叶片乙醇提取物中共含有81种化学成分,占总成分的90.86%,主要成分为(Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸、百里酚和棕榈酸,分别占总出峰面积的24.48%、18.23%和13.24%;首次发现苦瓜叶片中含有百里酚和龙脑。该提取物对小菜蛾幼虫具有较强的抑制生长的作用,对试虫体内超氧化物歧化酶也产生明显影响,表现出较强的抗虫作用。结论]为苦瓜叶片的进一步研究和开发利用奠定了基础。

GC-MS Analysis of Chemical Components in Leaves of Momordica charantia L.and Its Insect Resistance

Objective] To study chemical components in extracts by ethanol from the leaf of bitter melon and its inhibition effect on diamondback moth growth.Method] GC-MS technology was used to analyze the chemical components in ethanol extracts from leaf of bitter melon,and the ethanol extract on diamondback moth larva resistance was studied.Result] The results showed that there are 81 ingredients identified from the M.charantia leaves,accounting for 90.86% of the total ingredients.The major components were（Z,Z）-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid,Thymol and n-Hexadecanoic acid,accounted for 24.48%,18.23% and 13.24% of the total area.It was first found that there were Thymol and Borneol.The extracts have a strong influence of antifeeding and inhibiting growth on diamondback moth larvae and SOD of insects,representing strong resistance to insects.Conclusion] The study will lay a foundation for further study and utilization of M.charantia leaves.