全球变暖对四川气候旅游资源的影响探析

利用四川省139个站点1961～2004年月平均气温和降水资料,并选取九寨沟、海螺沟、峨眉山、蜀南竹海4个旅游景区的气象站点,统计分析了其在全球变暖的背景下的气候变化趋势,进而研究了气候变暖对四川旅游气候资源的影响。结果表明,20世纪90年代以来,与全球变暖相对应,四川地区年均气温呈上升趋势、年降水量呈下降趋势,6个景点的气候变化趋势也基本有类似的响应,这对于以水为景、以气为景的旅游景区(如九寨)的可持续发展提出了挑战。但是冬暖气候在导致降水量减少、冰川面积减少、积雪量减少、雪线上升的同时,也提供了开展冬季旅游、重构现有旅游格局、挖掘新的旅游资源、拓展新的特色旅游空间的机遇。在此基础上,研究提出了主动适应全球变暖的气候响应,大力开展冬季旅游的建议。

Influence of Global Warming to Climate Tourism Resources in Sichuan Province

By using monthly average temperature and precipitation data during 1961-2004 in 139 stations in Sichuan Province,selecting Jiuzhaigou,Hailuogou,Emeishan,Shunan Zhuhai,the climate variation trend under the background of global warming was analyzed.Effects of climate warming on Sichuan tourism climate resources were studied.The results indicated that from 1990,matching along with global warming,annual mean temperature presented a tendency of ascend in Sichuan,and its precipitation presented a decline tencency,the climate＇s vary tendency of 8 scenic spots had the similar respond mainly,it posed a new challenge to sustainable development of scenic spots whose characteristic is water（such as Jiuzhai）.Winter＇s warming led to decrease of precipitation,glacier area,and accumulation of snow,it also led that snow line moved upward,but at the same time,it provided the opportunity to develop the winter tourism,rebuild the exiting tour pattern,excavate the new tour resources,and expand the tour space of new characteristic.On the basis of this,it was put forward that adapting global warming＇s climate respond initiatively,and devoting major efforts to develop winter tourism.