不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响

本试验旨在研究不同来源纤维饲粮对福建黄兔表观消化率、十二指肠组织形态及盲肠纤维消化酶活性的影响。试验选用200只健康、体重接近的断奶福建黄兔，随机分为4组，每组5个重复，每个重复10只。4组分别饲喂由添加比例为25%的苜蓿草粉、甜菜渣、燕麦草、大麦糠为纤维饲料原料配制而成的饲粮。试验期为60 d，于试验第54天以全收粪法进行消化试验，屠宰后测定十二指肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度及二者比值，盲肠纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和果胶酶活性。结果表明：①苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、不溶性纤维（IDF）、可溶性纤维（SDF）的消化率均极显著高于大麦糠与燕麦草组（P<0.01）。其中，甜菜渣组不溶性纤维、可溶性纤维的消化率最高，与苜蓿草粉组差异显著（P<0.05）。②苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组的绒毛高度极显著高于大麦糠组（P<0.01），但显著低于燕麦草组（P<0.05），隐窝深度显著低于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.05），其中甜菜渣组隐窝深度最低。甜菜渣组的绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）最高，极显著高于其他组（P<0.01）。③苜蓿草粉与甜菜渣组盲肠3种纤维消化酶活性均极显著高于大麦糠和燕麦草组（P<0.01），其中甜菜渣组的3种酶活均极显著高于苜蓿草粉组（P<0.01）。综上所述，对比4种纤维饲粮，在饲粮配方中添加25%的甜菜渣能提高肉兔的表观消化率与盲肠纤维消化酶活性，并能改善十二指肠组织形态。

Effects of Different Sources of Fiber Diet on Apparent Digestibility,Duodenal TissueMorphology and Cecal Fiber Digestive Enzyme Activity in Fujian Yellow Rabbits

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different sources of fiber diets on apparent digestibility,duodenal tissue morphology and cecal fiber digestive enzyme activities of Fujian Yellow rabbits.200 weaning Fujian Yellow rabbits with healthy physique and similar weight were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,5 replicates per group,10 replicates each.The rabbits in 4 groups were fed with diets composed of 25%alfalfa meal,beet slag,oat hay and barley meal as roughage raw materials,respectively.The feeding experiment lasted for 60 days.On the 54th day,the digestive test was performed using the whole feces collection method.After slaughter,the villous height,crypt dept and their ratio,and cecal cellulase,hemicellulase and pectinase activities were determined.The results showed that:①The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),insoluble fiber(IDF),and soluble fiber(SDF)in alfalfa hay meal and beet slag groups were extremely significantly higher than oat hay and barley meal groups(P<0.01).Among them,the digestibility of IDF and SDF in beet slag group was the highest,which was significantly different from that in alfalfa meal group(P<0.05).②The villus height in alfalfa hay meal and beet slag groups were extremely significantly higher than that in barley meal group(P<0.01),but significantly lower than oat hay group(P<0.05).The crypt depth of alfalfa hay meal and beet slag groups was significantly lower than that of oat hay and barley meal groups(P<0.05),and it was the lowest in beet slag group.The V/C value in beet slag group was highest,which was extremely significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.01).③The cecal fiber digestive enzyme activities of alfalfa hay meal and beet slag groups were extremely significantly higher than oat hay and barley meal groups(P<0.01),and the three enzyme activities of beet slag group was extremely significantly higher than that of alfalfa meal group(P<0.01).In conclusion,comparing the four fiber diets,adding 25%beet slag to the diet could improve the apparent digestibility and cecal fiber digestive enzyme activity of meat rabbits,and improve the duodenal tissue morphology of the rabbits.