新型莫西菌素浇泼剂对羊蜱蝇和消化道线虫驱虫药效评价

试验旨在通过新型莫西菌素（moxidectin，MOX）浇泼剂对羊的驱虫试验，评价MOX浇泼剂对羊蜱蝇和消化道线虫的临床药效。将150只阿勒泰羊经产母羊随机分为6组，每组25只，分别为不用药对照组、螨净药浴组、MOX注射组和MOX低（0.05 mL/（kg·BW））、中（0.1 mL/（kg·BW））和高（0.2 mL/（kg·BW））剂量浇泼组，试验期为1周。试验第1天按前述分组中方法和剂量驱虫1次。观察受试动物临床表现，测定给药前1天和给药后第7天体温、脉搏和呼吸（TPR），血液生理、生化和尿常规指标；测定羊蜱蝇减虫率、治愈率。采取粪样测定消化道线虫每克粪中虫卵个数（EPG）减少率及转阴率。结果显示，与不用药对照组相比，给药后第7天各驱虫组TPR、血液生理、生化及尿常规指标均无显著差异（P>0.05）。螨净药浴组羊蜱蝇减虫率为43.7%，而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组均为100%。螨净药浴组治愈率为13.0%，而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组均为100%；与不用药对照组相比，螨净药浴组消化道线虫卵减少率为0，而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组分别为91.6%、93.1%、94.9%和97.8%。螨净药浴组虫卵转阴率为0，而MOX注射组及MOX低、中、高剂量浇泼组分别为77.0%、69.2%、69.2%和84.6%。本试验结果表明，新型MOX浇泼剂对体外寄生虫和消化道线虫均有显著疗效，且优于螨净药浴，与MOX注射剂等效。实践应用中最适MOX浇泼剂量推荐为0.05 mL/（kg·BW）（即0.25 mg/（kg·BW））。

Evaluation on the Pharmacodynamics of a Pour-on Agent of Moxidectin Against Melophagus ovinus and the Gastrointestinal Tract Nematodes in Sheep

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a novel pour-on agent of moxidectin (MOX) on Melophagus ovinus and gastrointestinal tract nematodes in sheep through the expelling test of MOX on sheep.150 Altay ewes were randomly divided into 6 groups,25 in each group,control group without medication,diazinon medical bath group,MOX injection group and MOX pour-on agent low (0.05 mL/(kg·BW)),medium (0.1 mL/(kg·BW)) and high (0.2 mL/(kg·BW)) groups.The experiment lasted for one week.On the first day of the experiment,the method and dosage of the above-mentioned grouping were used to expel insects once.The clinical manifestations,body temperature,pulse rate,respiration (TPR),blood physiological,biochemical and urine routine indexes were observed.The reduction rate and cure rate of Melophagus ovinus were determined.Fecal samples were taken to determine the reduction rate and negative conversion rate of egg number per gram (EPG) of feces.The results showed that compared with the control group without medication,there were no significant differences in TPR,blood physiological,biochemical and urine routine indexes among the groups on the 7th day after administration (P>0.05).The reduction rate of Melophagus ovinus was 43.7% in diazinon medical bath group,and 100% in MOX injection group and MOX low,medium and high dose groups.The cure rate of diazinon medical bath group was 13.0%,while that of MOX injection group and MOX low,medium and high dose groups were all 100%.Compared with the control group without medication,the reduction rate of gastrointestinal tract nematode eggs of diazinon medical bath group was 0,while that of MOX injection group and MOX low,medium and high dose groups were 91.6%,93.1%,94.9% and 97.8%,respectively.The negative conversion rate of diazinon medical bath group was 0,while that of MOX injection group and MOX low,medium,and high dose groups were 77.0%,69.2%,69.2% and 84.6%,respectively.The results showed that the novel pour-on agent of MOX had a significant effect on ectoparasites and gastrointestinal tract nematodes,which was better than the diazinon medical bath and equivalent to MOX injection.In practice,the optimal dose of MOX was 0.5 mL/(10 kg·BW)(0.25 mg/(kg·BW)).