苹果蠹蛾消长动态及果园中赤眼蜂释放技术的研究

【目的】明确果园中利用赤眼蜂防治苹果蠹蛾的田间释放技术。【方法】采用性诱剂诱捕法和寄主卵诱捕法,研究了苹果蠹蛾在阿拉尔地区的发生动态及人工繁殖赤眼蜂在果园生态环境中的自然扩散规律。【结果】苹果蠹蛾雄成虫在阿拉尔地区1年有4个发生高峰,有滞育现象,赤眼蜂在果园扩散距离可达16 m,但在2～8 m范围内赤眼蜂的寄生数量最多;随着放蜂次数的增加,其寄生率也在增加,但并非放蜂的次数越多越好。【结论】在该虫的防治策略上用苹果蠹蛾性诱芯捕杀雄蛾防治越冬代,化学防治重点在第一代幼虫;田间释放赤眼蜂重点在第二代,即7月下旬至8月上旬,放蜂2～3次,蜂卡间隔距离8 m为宜。

Dynamic State of Laspeyresia pomonella and Release Techniques of Trichogramma in Orchards

【Objective and Method】In order to clarify release technology of Trichogramma to control codling moth Laspeyresia pomonella L.in orchard to study the occurrence law of Laspeyresia pomonellaL.and natural spread law of Trichogramma from artificial propagation in Eco-environment by sex pheromone mass trapping trials and host eggs trapping in the Alar region.【Result】The result demonstrates that 4 generations of codling moth happen in Alar region every year,where there exists diapause phenomenon.The diffusion distance of Trichogramma in the orchard is up to 16 m,but the largest number is in the range of 2～8 m.The parasitic rate is increasing with increase of honeybee scalar release times,but it is not the more the better.【Conclusion】The prevention and treatment strategies for killing the pest is to control overwintering generation by means of sex pheromone to trap male moths.The release of Trichogramma in the field focuses on controlling the second generation,which is released 2 or 3 times from the last ten-day period of July to the first ten-day period of August,and the appropriate intervals for hanging Trichogramma card is 8m.