贵州省古银杏资源的分布及生长特征研究

2011年8月通过访谈、查阅文献资料与实地调查，对贵州省古银杏资源的分布及生长特征进行分析。结果表明，贵州省100～4000年生古银杏共有1969株，主要分布于遵义市和六盘水市；垂直分布海拔为300～1700m，集中分布800—1100m。其中75．96％为雌株，24．04％为雄株，雌雄比为3．16：1；树高最高为50．0m，最矮为2．0m；树龄最大为4000年，最小为100年；胸径最大为479cm，最小为26cm；其平均冠幅最大为40．0m，最小为1．0m。垂乳银杏有88株，复干银杏有35株，雌雄同株仅1株。

Distribution and Structure Characteristics of the Ancient Ginkgo Trees in Guizhou Province

Through interview, literature data and field investigation, the distribution and growth characteristics of the ancient ginkgo resources in Guizhou Province were analyzed in August 2011. The results show that the total number of the ancient ginkgo trees from 100 to 4 000 years old in Guizhou is 1 969, which are mainly located in Zunyi and Liupanshui city. The vertical distribution is 300 - 1 700 m and the concentrated distribution is 800 - 1 100 m. 75.96 % of the totals are female plant, the ratio of female to male is 3.16 ： 1. The highest and shor- test tree are 50. 0 m and 2. 0 m in height respectively. The oldest and youngest tree have an age of 4 000 and 100 years respectively. The maximum diameter at breast height is 479 cm, and the minimum is 26 cm. The minimum average crown is up to 40. 0 m and the minimum is 1.0 m. There are 88 ancient ginkgo trees with chichi, 35 multi- trunk ginkgo trees and only one hermaphrodite ginkgo tree.