包膜缓/控肥氮释放特性比较研究

目的]比较包膜缓/控肥氮释放特性,为改善白洋淀及周边地区农业耕作施肥习惯和减轻白洋淀污染状况提供理论依据。方法]采用＂土柱淋溶法＂室内模拟试验,研究了5种肥料在白洋淀地区土壤中铵态氮和硝态氮释放淋溶情况。结果]树脂包衣和硫包衣尿素在试验前期淋溶液中铵态氮含量较普通尿素分别减少了98.5%和98.7%,在试验中期分别减少了96.5%和97.4%,在试验后期分别减少了38.7%和76.7%;而硝态氮含量在试验前期较普通尿素分别减少了59.1%和81.7%,在试验中期分别增加了414.7%和40.7%,在试验后期分别增加了1702.8%和642.3%。结论]树脂包衣和硫包衣尿素明显减少了易挥发的铵态氮含量,有效控制了作物易吸收利用的硝态氮在前期的释放,并增加了在中后期易吸收氮的供应。

Comparison of Nutrient Release Characteristics from Coated Controlled/Slow-release Fertilizers

Objective] The study aimed at comparing the characteristics of nutrient release from coated controlled/slow-release fertilizers,so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the farming practice and fertilizer application,reducing pollution in Baiyangdian Lake and the surrounding area.Method] Soil column leaching method was used to study NH4-N and NO3-N leaching characteristics from five kinds of nitrogen fertilizers including three coated controlled/slow-release fertilizers.Result] Resin and sulfur coated controlled/slow-release urea decreased NH4-N concentration obviously,controlled NO3-N release in early term of experiment,while increased the content of NH4-N + NO3-N in middle-late periods.Compared with that of common urea,the NH4-N of resin and sulfur coated controlled/slow-release urea decreased by 98.5%,98.7% in early period,96.5%,97.4% in middle period,and 59.1%,81.75% in last period.Conclusion] Resin and sulfur coated controlled/slow-release urea significantly reduced the NH4-N concentration,effectively controlled the NO3-N release in early stage and increased the supply of NO3-N in last period.