高异交率偏粳型广亲和不育系春江19A的选育与利用(英文)

目的]对高异交率偏粳型广亲和不育系春江19A的选育与利用研究。方法]以春江16A为母本,用籼粳杂交后代材料B125作父本杂交,经连续多代回交转育,以筛选得到高异交率偏粳型广亲和不育系。结果]春江19A为迟熟中粳不育系,育性稳定,不育株率和花粉败育率均为100%,程氏指数14,属偏粳型,花时早,部分柱头外露,异交结实率高,广亲和性好,条纹叶枯病抗性好,配合力好。利用春江19A所配制的杂交稻组合具有分蘖力强、杂种优势明显、条纹叶枯病抗性好、产量潜力大、后期转色好等特点。结论]春江19A的转育成功,为选育制种产量高、杂种优势强的杂交粳稻和籼粳亚种间杂交稻组合奠定了良好的基础,具有良好的应用前景。

Breeding and Utilization of Japonicalinous CMS Line Chunjiang 19A with Wide Compatibility and High Outcrossing Rate

Objective] To breed and utilize the japonicalinous cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) line Chunjiang 19A with wide compatibility and high outcrossing rate.Method] Chunjiang 16A was used as the female parent to cross with Indica-Japonica crossing material B125,which was used as male parent.Backcross breeding was continued for consecutive generations to breed the CMS lines with wide compatibility and high outcrossing rate.Result] Chunjiang 19A is a late medium Japonica CMS line with good fertility stability.The proportion of sterile plants and pollen abortion rates are 100% and the Cheng’s index is 14.It is the japonicalinous CMS line with early flowering,partial stigma exsertion,high outcrossing rate,wide compatibility,high resistance to stripe disease and good combining ability.The hybrid rice combinations originated from Chunjiang 19A have strong tillering ability,dominant heterosis,high resistance to stripe disease,great yield potential and good color change at mature stage.Conclusion] The successful breeding of Chunjiang 19A laid good foundation for the breeding of Japonica hybrid rice and Indica-Japonica hybrid rice combinations with high seed production and dominant heterosis,showing a promising application prospect.